摘要
降雨是引发城市内涝的关键因素,与公众安全密切相关,分析其特征,能够为内涝防治提供一定参考和依据。上海地区气候条件复杂,深受暴雨、台风等水情灾害影响。依据国家基本气象站—宝山站数据,对上海市近40a降雨变化和灾害性降雨特征进行了分析。结果表明上海年均降雨量以50.9mm/10a的速率递增。同时,降雨天数的减少较为显著,以3d/10a的速率递减。从降雨量和降雨强度的角度,灾害性降雨多为暴雨和短历时强降雨。上海年均暴雨天数为3d,但雨量可占全年的1/5,大范围暴雨通常由台风引起。近年来,高于排水标准的短历时强降雨出现频次有增多的趋势。汛期作为灾害性降雨的高发期,可作为城市防涝的重点。
Rainfall is a key factor of urban flooding,which has great effect on social safety.The research on rainfall characteristics could provide significant guidance in flooding control.The climate of Shanghai is complicated,which is deeply influenced by disaster rainfalls such as rainstorms and typhoons.According to the data from national basic weather station,Baoshan Staion,the precipitation change and the characteristics of disaster rainfalls in Shanghai during the last 40 years were analyzed.The results showed that the annual precipitation in Shanghai increased with a rate of 50.9 mm/10 a and the annual precipitation days decreased with a rate of 3 d/10 a.In terms of precipitation and rainfall intensity,rainstorms and short intense falls are viewed as disaster rainfalls.Annually,3 days of rainstorms could contribute one fifths of the annual precipitation.Usually,rainstorms in large area are caused by typhoons.In recent years,the frequency of short intense falls that exceed the drainage standard tend to aggregate.Furthermore,the flood season,as the peak of the disaster rainfalls,should be considered as the critical period in flooding control.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第10期1270-1273,共4页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
上海市科委重点课题项目(10231201200)
上海市科委研发基地建设项目(10dz2253900)
关键词
上海
降雨变化
灾害性降雨
shanghai
precipitation change
disaster rainfalls
