摘要
目的掌握山东省黄河流域居民饮用水的碘含量、水源类型及深度状况,探讨井深与水碘的关系,为选择适宜水源和控制碘过剩提供依据。方法对黄河流域的山东省所有县(市、区)的所有乡(镇)进行横断面调查,均按东、西、南、北、中五个不同方位各抽取5个自然村,采集饮用水2份检测饮水碘含量,并记录水源类型与井深及地形地貌。结果调查了44个县的606个乡(镇)的3 000多个自然村,检测水样5 948份,水碘含量(173.54±173.86)μg/L,中位数129.34μg/L;井深(55.5±103.5)m,中位数23.0 m。水碘与井深的相关系数为0.212(P<0.0001)。水碘≤100μg/L水样的碘含量为(46.52±30.07)μg/L,中位数44.24μg/L;水碘>100μg/L水样的碘含量(259.65±178.18)μg/L,中位数204.10μg/L。平原水样占98.45%,水碘为(176.05±174.03)μg/L、中位数131.74μg/L,井深(55.7±104.1)m、中位数23.0 m。水碘>150μg/L的水样全部来自平原。自来水占32.01%,水碘为(151.50±161.73)μg/L、中位数105.65μg/L,浅井水占60.73%,水碘为(184.68±176.88)μg/L、中位数140.06μg/L,深井水占6.81%,水碘为(187.58±192.35)μg/L、中位数135.47μg/L。井深中位数10 m对应水碘中位数为81.35μg/L。水碘>150μg/L的高碘地区存在于38个县的288个乡(镇),且均在黄河冲积平原和黄河三角洲。结论黄河流域山东居民饮用的自来水、浅井水和深井水的碘含量均明显偏高,该地的适碘饮用水源井深在10 m,建议采取净化黄河水为自来水等措施来改善饮用水状况。
Objective To master the concentration of drinking water,the type of water resource and the depth of well or terrain in the plain of Yellow River valley,to study the correlation between iodine content and depth of well,for the strategy prevened from iodine excess.Methods A cross section was adopted for the epidemiological survey based on the east,west,south,north and centre in all of townships from 44 counties.2 samples of drinking water from each village were tested their water iodine content as well as the data regarding to their recourses and the depth of wells.Results 3 000 villages from 606 townships of 44 counties were investigated.5 948 samples of drinking water were tested which values of iodine content were 173.54± 173.86 μg/L in main,129.34 μg/L in medium.Their recourses were mainly from shallow wells with 184.68±176.88 μg/L in mean value or 140.06 μg/L in medium.Their depth of wells was 55.5±103.5m in main,23.0m in medium.There was positive relationship between content of water iodine and the depth of well（P0.0001）.The concentration which iodine content was below 100 μg/L in drinking water was 46.52±30.07 μg/L in main or 44.24 μg/L in medium.But the concentration was over 100 μg/L,with 259.65±178.18 μg/L in main or 204.10 μg/L in medium.The sample proportion of water in the plain was 98.45% with the concentration of iodine 176.05±174.03 μg/L in main,131.74 μg/L in medium.The depth of wells in the plain was 55.7± 104.1m in main or 23.0m in medium.The proportion of water from which iodine content was over 150 μg/L was 100% in the plain.The median of water iodine content which the depth of well was 10 m in medium was 81.35 μg/L for adequate iodine status of inhabitants consuming drinking water.It was estimated that 288 townships of 38 counties where iodine concentration was over 150 μg/L in drinking water.All the iodine excess areas are located in alluvial plain of Yellow River or its delta.Conclusions There were distinctive features of iodine excess in drinking water from both shallow well and deep well.Tap water was not wholly suitable for drinking.Normal depth of the wells which the range of adequate iodine content of drinking water was about 10 m.It＇s suggested that tap water is purification of water from Yellow River so as to change the water resources in the region.
出处
《中国地方病防治》
2012年第5期321-324,共4页
Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases
基金
山东省卫生科技发展计划项目(HW094)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(30230330)
ICCIDD资助项目
关键词
碘
饮用水
高碘
平原
黄河流域
Iodine
Drinking water
Iodine excess
Plain
Yellow River valley
