摘要
在田间人工遮雨条件下,研究了持续、缓慢的干旱胁迫及复水对小麦旗叶光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明:返青至成熟期充分供水(S0)的小麦旗叶叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、光合参数和产量较高;返青至成熟期(S3)或开花至成熟期(S2)遭受干旱胁迫的小麦上述光合特征参数与产量显著下降;开花至成熟期复水(S1)的小麦其上述光合参数与S0相比表现出超补偿效应,但产量略低于S0;S1、S2与S3水分利用效率分别为S0的143.2%、86.5%和97.3%;由此得出0～40cm土层平均土壤相对含水量在返青至开花期保持在55%±5%,开花至灌浆期保持在70%±5%,可在获取一定产量的同时高效节水;由于水分和密度在产量表现上存在互作,得出0～40cm土层平均土壤相对含水量在返青至开花期保持在55%±5%,开花至灌浆期保持在70%±5%,并采取675株.m-2的密度是该地区最佳的水分密度组合。
A rainproof and water controlling experiment was conducted to study the effects of phased drought and re-watering on the photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat.Four treatments,i.e.,70%±5% soil moisture content from turning green to maturity（S0）,55%±5% soil moisture content from turning green to anthesis together with 70%±5% soil moisture content from anthesis to maturity（S1）,70%±5% soil moisture content from turning green to anthesis together with 55%±5% soil moisture content from anthesis to maturity（S2）,and 55%±5% soil moisture content from turning green to maturity（S3）,and two planting densities,i.e.,525 and 675 basic seedlings per square meter,were installed.In treatment S0,the flag leaf chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,and photosynthetic characteristic parameters and the grain yield were higher than those in other three treatments,and the photosynthetic characteristic parameters and grain yield were significantly higher than those in treatments S3 and S2.Though the photosynthetic characteristic parameters in treatment S1 increased to some extent,showing an overcompensation effect,the grain yield presented a slight decrease,as compared to that in treatment S0.The water use efficiency in treatments S1,S2,and S3 was 143.2%,86.5%,and 97.3% of that in treatment S0,respectively.It was suggested that to maintain 55% moisture content in 0-40 cm soil layer from turning green to anthesis and maintain 70% moisture content in this soil layer from anthesis to maturity could be the optimal water management way for obtaining definite grain yield of winter wheat while high efficiently saving water.Due to the interaction between water and plant density on the grain yield of winter wheat,the optimal water management way suggested above and the plant density of 675 basic seedlings per square meter could be the optimum combination for winter wheat with the consideration of water-saving and high-yielding.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第11期2797-2803,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-YW-09-06)
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2005CB121106)资助
关键词
阶段性干旱
复水
小麦
光合特性
产量
phased drought
re-watering
wheat
photosynthetic characteristics
yield.
