摘要
康德哲学立场具有本体论与人性的二重性,受其影响,康德的自由观中也存在本体论意义上的绝对自由与人学意义上的有限自由的张力。因此,全面理解康德的自由概念的发展需要考虑两个相关的角度或线索:一是具形而上学或本体意义的传统理性主义至善观点,即认为实体、神作为无条件者是"自因"、"充足理由"的观点,所成就的是一种本体论和神学的自由建构;二是体现了康德人学立场上的有限性思想和批判精神,它更为强调人的有限的自由意志以及这种有限的自由意志在现实和历史中的实现问题。只有重视这两个角度和线索的相关性才能理解康德自由的复杂性,理解为什么康德的自由思想构成以后不同取向的自由理论的共同资源。
Kant＇s philosophical position shows ontological and humanistic duality. With this influence, Kant＇s concept of freedom also entails the tension between absolute freedom in the ontological sense and the limited freedom in the human- istic sense. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the development of Kant＇s concept of freedom requires the consid- eration of two related perspectives or threads ： first, the supreme goodness perspective of traditional rationalism in the sense of metaphysics or ontology, namely one that takes entity and God as unconditional ＂self due＂ and ＂sufficient grounds＂, which leads to the construction of freedom in the domain of ontology and theology; second, the perspective that reflects Kant＇s humanistic ideas of limited freedom and critical spirit, which tends to emphasize mankind＇s limited free will and practical issues concerning such limited free will in reality and history. Only by stressing the interrelation between these two perspectives and threads can we understand the complexity of Kant＇s ideas concerning freedom, and understand why Kant＇s concept of freedom evolved to be shared resources for other freedom-related theories with different orientations.
出处
《江苏行政学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期18-23,共6页
The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute
关键词
先验自由
实践自由
人性
本体论
有限自由
transcendental freedom
practical freedom
humanity
ontology
limited freedom
