摘要
目的了解全国2008～2010年接种疫苗后过敏性休克的发生及报告情况,为规范接种疫苗后过敏性休克的报告、诊断、处理提供参考。方法对全国2008～2010年疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统中过敏性休克的个案数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果全国2008～2010年共报告接种疫苗后过敏性休克180例,175例被分类为预防接种异常反应。175例过敏性休克中,年龄最大的7l岁,最小的为出生1d,各年龄组均有发生。共涉及25种疫苗,121例为接种灭活疫苗,54例为接种减毒活疫苗。接种疫苗至发生过敏性休克的时间,最短lmin,最长18h,中位数为10min,<30min的占86.2%。临床表现以呼吸急促、呼吸困难、血压下降、紫绀、四肢湿冷、面色苍白、意识不清或丧失为主要症状和体征。结论报告的过敏性休克中,86.2%发生于接种疫苗后<30min,应加强留置观察。1例过敏性休克发生于接种疫苗后18h,且临床表现不符合过敏性休克病例的定义,应规范接种疫苗后过敏性休克的诊断和报告。
Objective To understand the occurrence and report of anaphylactic shock induced by vaccination,in order to provide guidance basis for the standardized processing,report and diagnosis anaphylactic shock caused by immunization. Methods With descriptive methodology to analysis the anaphylactic shock cases in national adverse event following immunization monitoring information system during 2008-2010. ResuIts 180 anaphylactic shock cases were reported during 2008-2010,and 175 cases are rare vaccine reaction. The maximum onset age is 71,the minimum is 1 day,and all age groups could be occurred. Altogether involves 25 kinds vaccine,121 cases are inactivated vaccine,54 cases are live attenuated vaccine. The shortest time between vaccination andanaphylactic shock is 1 minute,the longest is 18 hours,the average is 10 minutes,and the cases happened in vaccination after 30 minutes account for 86.2%. The main symptoms and signs are shortness of breath,difficulty breathing,blood pressure drop,cyanosis,limb moist-chilling,pale face,consciousness not clear or lose. Conciusion Among the report anaphylactic shock cases,86.2%of the cases happened in vaccination after 30 minutes. It is important to strengthen observation after vaccination. Monitoring Data shows that 1 case anaphylactic shock happened in 18 hours after vaccination,and the clinical symptoms do not accord with the definition of anaphylactic shock cases. It suggests that the standard ized diagnosis and reporting system should be strengthened.
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
CAS
2012年第5期398-401,446,共5页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
基金
国家科学技术艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治重大专项疫苗临床试验评价技术平台构建的研究课题(编号:2009ZX10004-806)
关键词
预防接种
过敏性休克
监测
Prophylactic immunization
Anaphylactic shock
Surveillance
