摘要
合成氨装置的原料、产品危险性高,并且生产过程复杂,因此在运行过程中可能导致火灾、爆炸、中毒等事故,有些事故甚至给社会和环境造成严重破坏。对HAZOP研究与故障树分析进行组合,应用在合成氨装置的危险辨识中。通过HAZOP研究,合成氨主体装置共发现风险因素23项,其中合成氨装置的合成气压缩单元安全隐患较多,因此对其进行故障树分析,合成气压缩机单元火灾、爆炸故障树的最小割集为72个,最小径集为6个。从基本事件结构重要度结果来看,压缩机三级出口压力探测器(PIA3-2)故障,对压缩机发生火灾、爆炸的影响程度最大,应重点防范。
The feedstock,intermediate product and product of ammonia synthesis plant possess the properties of explosion,burning and poison;meanwhile the process and equipments of ammonia synthesis plant are very complex.So,various hazardous factors are prone to cause fires,explosion,poisoning breakout and other accidents,which may result in production breakdown,devices damage,and even lead to great casualties and huge property losses.In this paper,comprehensive analytical method,HAZOP study and fault tree analysis（FTA）,were applied in hazad identification of ammonia synthesis plant.According to HAZOP result of ammonia synthesis plant,23 potential hazards were found.HAZOP study result indicated that the gas compress part was major hazard.So,FTA was applied in hazard identification of gas compress part.FTA result indicated that breakdown of compressor exit pressure detector（PIA3-2） have significant influence to fire and explosion hazards of compressor,so it should be strictly prevented in producing.FTA and HAZOP have complementary advantages,which not only more fully and reasonably help to find out unsafe factors causing accidents,but also provide a new approach for the system safety analysis,which make the risk analysis of system more scientific,complete and reasonable,and provide theoretical support for accident prevention and accidents reduction.
出处
《中国安全生产科学技术》
CAS
2012年第10期85-90,共6页
Journal of Safety Science and Technology
