摘要
目的设计居家腹膜透析患者自我护理能力考核方案并分析考核效果。方法采用便利抽样方法抽取居家腹膜透析患者43例，用腹膜透析知识考核表和换液技能考核表对其进行腹膜透析知识及技能的考核，了解其掌握情况并进行分层次培训。6个月后采用腹膜透析患者自我护理能力问卷，对患者的自我护理能力进行评估，并分析其与腹膜透析知识及技能掌握情况的相关性。结果43例居家腹膜透析患者腹膜透析知识考核最高分为89分，最低分为33分，平均分为（59.43±16.06）分；换液技能考核最低分为60分，最高分85分，平均分为（71.79±7.62）分。知识考核中每天需要记录的内容、操作中一定要准备的物品及每日进食时需要注意的内容掌握情况较好；并发症的处理等日常透析中偶发事件掌握情况较差；技能考核中冲洗和灌注掌握情况较好。患者自我护理能力得分为（155.72±10.42）分，患者自我护理能力与腹膜透析知识和技能掌握情况均有相关性（r值分别为0.637，0.566；P均〈0.01）。结论对居家腹膜透析患者开展自我护理能力考核可以发现患者知识、技能的盲点，促进患者自我护理能力的提高，为采取个体化分层培训提供依据。
Objective To design self-care ability exam plan in discharged peritoneal dialysis （PD） patients and analysis its outcome. Methods A total of 43 discharged PD patients were selected by convenience sampling method, patients＇ PD related knowledge and skill was assessed using self-developed ＂PD knowledge evaluation form＂ and ＂skill of exchange liquid evaluation form＂, then they were given individualized specify training. After 6 months, their self-care abilities were evaluated using ＂ PD patients＇ self-care ability questionnaire＂ designed by the researcher group. The correlation between their self-care ability and their PD related knowledge and skill was analyzed. Results The highest knowledge score of 43 discharged PD patients was 89 and the lowest was 3J,and the average score was （59.43 ± 16.06）. The average skill score of 43 discharged PD patients was （71.79 ± 7.62）, with the highest score of 85 and the lowest score of 60. PD patients had a good master of recording, goods preparation and diet, while their attention on the complications was poor. For the skill test, they mastered the skill of irrigation and perfusion. The self-care ability score of PD patients was （155.72 ± 10.42） and PD patients＇ self-care ability scores were positively correlated with their knowledge and skill scores （ r = 0. 637,0. 566, respectively ; P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The implementation of self-care ability exam for outpatients PD patients can identify weak points of patients＇ knowledge and skills and categorize patients into different levels. Individual training plan can be developed and implemented to improve their selfcare abilities.
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2012年第30期3601-3605,共5页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
腹膜透析
自我护理能力
个体化分层培训
Peritoneal dialysis
Self-care ability
Individualized specify training
