摘要
[目的]评估一定时期内施人生活垃圾堆肥对土壤重金属及玉米产量、品质的影响。[方法]以玉米为供试作物,施用化学肥料为对照,通过施用不同量的生活垃圾堆肥和化肥配合,研究连续两年施入垃圾堆肥对土壤和玉米籽粒重金属累积的影响。[结果]通过连续两年试验,土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾随施肥量的增加而增加,土壤肥力明显提高;而Cd、Pb、As、Hg等4种重金属含量随垃圾堆肥用量的增加而增加,Cr含量基本不变;玉米籽粒中Cr、Cd含量随垃圾堆肥用量的增加而增加。各处理土壤5种重金属Hg、Cd、Cr、As、Pb含量均未超出《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618-1995)的二级标准。玉米籽粒中Hg、Cd、Cr、As、Pb含量未超出国家食品卫生标准的标准值。当施肥量为30 000 kg/hm^2时,玉米产量较对照有明显增加(P<0.05)。[结论]一定时期内,适量垃圾堆肥农用短期内能提高土壤肥力,并且不会引起土壤重金属污染,也不影响玉米籽粒的食用,使用多年后应及时监测。
[ Objective ] The purpose of this project was to evaluate the influence of living garbage compost applied on heavy metals in soils, yield and quality of maize in short- time. [ Method] A field experiment was conducted to study the heavy metals accumulation in soil and maize supplied with different rates of living garbage compost and chemical fertilizer. [ Result ] The content of Cd, Pb, As, Hg in soil was increased responding to living garbage compost proportion. Cr content was basically unchanged. The same tendency of Cr and Cd was observed in maize grain. The content of Hg, Cd, Cr, As and Pb did not exceed the second class of the standard of soil environmental quality. Hg, Cd, Pb, As and Cr in maize grain did not exceed the national food and healthy standard value. The yield of maize grain was obviously increased when the amount of living garbage compost reached the level of 30,000 kg/hm^2. [ Conclusion ] In a short time, prooer amount of living garbage compost fertilizer would not cause pollution in soil, nor did it exert effects in edible part of maize grain. But years of repeated application demand timely monitoring.
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第11期2096-2101,共6页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区青年科技基金(2010211B30)
新疆维吾尔自治区高技术研究与发展计划项目(200715114)
乌鲁木齐科学技术计划项目(G07132002)
关键词
生活垃圾堆肥
重金属
玉米产量
品质
living garbage compost
heavy metal
maize yield
quality
