摘要
目的了解胸外科手术患者术后医院感染发生的特点及其采取的预防与控制,以减少医院感染的发生。方法通过回顾性调查的方法,对医院胸外科2009年1月-2011年12月住院行手术治疗的492例患者临床资料及每年医院感染监测资料进行系统的调查与分析。结果 492例手术患者术后发生医院感染22例,感染率4.47%;3年中医院感染率分别为5.63%、4.27%、3.76%,提示医院感染发病率呈逐年下降趋势;22例医院感染部位以呼吸道为主占54.54%、手术切口占22.73%、泌尿系统占13.64%、胸腔占9.09%;对492例手术患者进行单因素分析比较,发现患者的年龄偏高、有长期吸烟史、合并慢性疾病史、气管插管/机械通气、手术时间较长等与术后医院感染发生差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);说明患者的年龄偏高、长期大量吸烟史等是医院感染的相关危险因素。结论通过了解胸外科术后患者发生医院感染的相关危险因素,针对相关的危险因素采取有效的预防控制措施,以减少医院感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To understand the features of nosocomial infections after the thoracic surgery and take preventive and control strategies so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.METHODS By means of retrospective survey,the clinical data of 492 patients who underwent the thoracic surgery from Jan 2009 to Dec 2012 and the annual monitoring data of nosocomial infections were collected for systematic investigation and analysis.RESULTS A total of 492 patients were involved during the surveillance,of which 22 patients acquired nosocomial infections,with the infection rate of 4.47%.In the three years,the infection rates were 5.63%,4.27%,and 3.76%,respectively,indicating that the incidence presented a downward tendency.The main infected sites were the lower respiratory tract（54.54%）,operative incision（22.73%）,urinary tract（13.64%）and chest cavity（9.09%）.Univariate analysis of 492 patients undergoing the thoracic surgery found that the advanced age,long history of smoking,history of chronic diseases,tracheal intubation/mechanical ventilation,and long operation duration were significantly associated with the postoperative nosocomial infections,the differences were statistically significant（P0.05）.The following survey illustrated that the advanced age and long history of heavy smoking were the related risk factors for the nosocomial infections.CONCLUSION It is necessary,through the understanding of the risk factors for nosocomial infections after the thoracic surgery,to take effective prevention and control measures in response to the risk factors so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第24期5535-5537,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
胸外科
医院感染
危险因素
预防控制
Thoracic surgery
Nosocomial infection
Risk factor
Prevention and control
