摘要
基于谐波叠加法和三角网格法的基本原理,建立了三维随机路面数学模型。将车辆轮胎和钢板弹簧视为柔体,橡胶垫块和限位块简化为具有非线性刚度和阻尼特性的力元,建立了刚柔耦合的重型车辆整车多体动力学模型。在SIMPACK软件中将整车虚拟样机和三维随机路面集成,建立了三维随机路面激励下重型车辆行驶动力学模型。利用动载荷系数、95百分位四次幂和力两种道路友好性评价指标对不同行驶速度的重型车辆整车道路友好性进行分析。结果表明:车辆以60～90 km/h行驶在B级和C级三维随机路面时,随着车速的提高,中、后两轴车轮的道路友好性下降,前轴车轮的道路友好性并不随车速的增加而下降,在车速超过80 km/h后,道路友好性开始提高;整车随行驶速度的提高,道路友好性下降,B级路面道路友好性下降幅度较小,C级路面道路友好性下降幅度较大。
A mathematical model of 3-D random road surface was established based on the basic principles of harmonic superposition and triangulated irregular network. A rigid flexible coupling multi-body dynamic model of a heavy truck was established by using SIMPACK software, which included front suspension, rear balance suspension, steering system, tire system, etc. The tires and leaf springs were treated as deformable body, and rubber pads and limit block were reduced to force elements with non-linear stiffness and damping characteristics. Then a ride dynamic model of heavy vehicle was established, which combined virtual prototype vehicle with 3-D random road surface model by using SIMPACK software. The dynamic load coefficient and 95 percentage fourth power aggregate forces were used as the road- friendliness criterions for analyzing the road-friendliness of heavy vehicles with different speed. Simulation results indicated that, when the vehicle drove on the B- and C-grade 3-D random road at the speed of 60- 90 km/h, the road friendliness of mid-axle and rear-axle reduced as the vehicle speed increased. The road friendliness of front-axle didn＇t increase as the vehicle speed increased. When the vehicle speed surpassed 80 km/h, the road friendliness of front-axle began to decrease. The road friendliness of the vehicle reduced as the vehicle speed increased. The road friendliness of B-grade road reduced by a big margin, while the road friendliness of C-grade road reduced by a small margin.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第12期16-21,10,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目(2006)
山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2009FM044)
青岛大学优秀研究生学位论文培育项目(YSPY2011005)
关键词
重型车辆
三维随机路面
轮胎动载荷
道路友好性·仿真
Heary vehicle, 3-D random road surface, Tire dynamic load, Road-friendliness, Simulation
