摘要
扣件系统是影响轨道结构振动特性的关键因素,其刚度过大钢轨与轨枕或轨道板耦合作用减弱,钢轨的振动衰减率变小,过大耦合作用增强,会导致轨枕或轨道板振动增强。基于此,应用轮轨系统耦合动力学思想,得出一定轨道和车辆结构参数下的扣件的最佳匹配刚度。并基于铁路轨道设计规范设计制作了减振型扣件样品,通过疲劳测试和动力特性室内测试表明:疲劳前后静刚度损失为1.2 kN/mm,扣压力损失为1.67 kN,纵向阻力损失为1.6 kN,表明扣件系统设计合理,组装疲劳性能合格;垂向激励和横向激励下,在0～5 000 Hz频段内,减振扣件对轨头、轨腰和轨脚的减振作用均很显著。
Fastening system is a key factor to affect vibration characteristics of a track. For soft rail, the coupling between rail and sleepers or track plates is week＇, the rail virbration decay rate becomes smaller. Conversely,for stiff rail, the rail vibration is restricted by coupling between rail and sleepers or track plates, but vibrations of sleepers or track plates become bigger. Here, a suitable stiffness of a fastening was taken with the wheel-rail coupling dynamics theory. And then, vibration damping fastener samples were designed according to the design specifications of railway track, and the fatigue and dynamic characteristics lab tests showed that the loss of static stiffness after fatigue test is 1.2kN/mm, the loss of clamping force is 1.67kN, the loss of longitudinal resistance is 1.6kN, the fastening system is designed rationally, the assembled fatigue properties are qualified; under vertical and lateral excitations, in 0 -5000Hz band, the damping effects of vibration damping fasteners on rail head, rail foot and rail waist are very significant.
出处
《振动与冲击》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第23期191-196,共6页
Journal of Vibration and Shock
关键词
耦合
刚度
振动
减振型扣件
coupling
stiffness
vibration
vibration damping fastening
