摘要
目的对比ICU与临床科室感染金黄色葡萄球菌的分布特征及耐药率,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法回顾性分析医院2011年1月1日-12月14日ICU和临床科室金黄色葡萄球菌感染分布及耐药率。结果金黄色葡萄球菌主要来源于痰液标本,ICU与临床科室各占91.73%和70.11%,其他标本类型中ICU以肺泡灌洗液为其次占3.67%,其他临床科室为伤口分泌物占11.49%;金黄色葡萄球菌在ICU对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替考拉宁、呋喃妥因和喹奴普汀/达福普汀敏感率最高为100.00%,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)所占比率为59.63%;在临床科室对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替考拉宁和呋喃妥因敏感率最高为100.00%,MRSA所占比率为66.67%;青霉素耐药率均高>90.00%,对红霉素、四环素、左氧氟沙星和庆大霉素等的耐药率均>50.00%。结论金黄色葡萄球菌是医院及社区感染的重要条件致病菌,ICU与临床科室的MRSA均占很高比率,其对抗菌药物耐药性逐年上升,ICU与临床科室耐药率总体情况相似;及时送检标本进行微生物检测、应用敏感抗菌药物,能有效控制金黄色葡萄球菌感染。
OBJECTIVE To compare the characteristics of the distribution of Staphylococcus aureus in ICU and clinical departments and analyze the drug resistance rates so as to provide the clinical reasonable medication. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed for the distribution of S. aureus infections and the drug resistance in the ICU and clinical departments from Jan 1ST 2011 to Dec 14th 2011. RESULTS The S. aareus strains were mainly isolated from the sputum specimens, 91.73 % were isolated from the ICU, and 70.11 % were isolated from the other departments. Of other specimens, 3.67% were isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the ICU, and 11.49% were isolated from the wound secretions in other clinical departments. The drug susceptibility rates of S. aureus to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, and primaquine slave tianeptine/dafoe tianeptine were the highest, reaching up to 100. 00%, the methicillin-resistant S. aureus （MRSA） accounted for 66.67%, the drug resistance rate to penicillin was higher than 90.00%, and the drug resistance rates to erythromycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin, and gentamicin were higher than 50. 00%. CONCLUSION S. aureus is an important opportunistic pathogen causing hospital and community-acquired infections, and the MRSA isolates take a high proportion in the ICU and other clinical departments, the drug resistance increases year by year, the drug resistance rate in the ICU is as same as in other clinical departments. Timely submission of specimens for microorganism examination and the use of susceptible antibiotics can effectively control the S. aureus infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期190-192,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
