摘要
为缓解南方肉牛夏季养殖过程中的热应激,该试验采用喷雾联合悬挂式风机的降温措施对不同品种肉牛的降温效果进行了研究。试验以西门塔尔杂交牛和锦江黄牛为试验品种,测定了环境、直肠温度、呼吸频率和日增质量等评价指标。结果表明:喷雾运行阶段,处理舍空气温度平均可降低2.1℃(P<0.01),相对湿度增加5.8%(P<0.01),降低3.2℃的体感温度(P<0.01);对西门塔尔杂交牛,喷雾结合风机的降温方式可降低其12:00-18:00的平均直肠温度0.3℃和呼吸频率11次/min(P<0.01),有效解除热积聚状况,但对其日增质量无显著提高;对锦江黄牛,喷雾可以降低其呼吸频率14次/min(P<0.01),有效缓解其热应激,日增质量提高0.19kg/d(P<0.05),提高率为27.5%。
To evaluate the cooling effect of spraying combined with fan on the performance of beef cattle. Two breedings of beef cattle were tested in this study （Simmental Crossbred and Jinjiang Yellow Cattle ） and they were housed in open beeflot barn in Southern China. Fans and spraying were operated during 8：00-24：00 and 10：00-19：00, respectively. Spraying ran intermittently with 5 min on and 10 min off, and fans ran continuously. Data of evaluation index such as environmental factors, rectal temperature （Tr）, respiration rate （RR） and daily weight gain （DG） were collected. Temperature-humidity-velocity index （THVI）, heat load index （HLI） and accumulated heat load （AHL） were calculated to estimate the effects of climatic variable and heat accumulation. The results showed that, compared with the control barn, the average air temperature was lower by 2.1℃（P〈0.01） , the THVI was lower by 3.2℃ （P〈0.01） and the HLI was lower by 4.3 （P〈0.05） in treatment barn during spraying running period, while the relative humidity was higher by 5.8% （P〈0.01）. For the Simmental Crossbred, cooling by fans combined with spraying can reduce its rectal temperature and respiration rate during 10：00-18：00 by 0.5℃（P〈0.01） and 11 breaths per minute （P〈0.01）, respectively. Also, its accumulated heat load were relieved while there was no significant effect on its daily weight gain. For Jinjiang Yellow Cattle, the applying of cooling system reduced its respiration rate by 14 breaths per minute （P〈0.01） and increased its daily weight gain by 27.5% at 0.19 kg per day （P〈0.05）. The effects on heat accumulation for Jinjiang Yellow Cattle was not clear because there were no heat accumulation both in treatment and control barns.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期224-231,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
农业部肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-38)
关键词
喷雾
降温
风机
开放舍
肉牛
spraying, cooling, fans, open beeflot barn, beef cattle
