摘要
本研究采用实验和问卷相结合的方法,探讨了愤怒和恐惧情绪及不同的方案数量对危机决策的影响,并分析了该效应的性别差异。研究结果表明:(1)恐惧情绪下被试的危机决策时间显著长于其在愤怒情绪下的危机决策时间,且情绪和性别变量在危机决策时间上存在显著的交互作用;(2)女性在恐惧情绪下的危机决策时间显著长于其在愤怒情绪下的危机决策时间,且显著地长于男性的危机决策时间。同时,男性对其危机决策的满意程度显著高于女性,且情绪变量和性别变量在危机决策自信程度指标上存在显著的交互作用;(3)随着方案数量的增加,尤其当方案数量为4时,被试的危机决策时间较其他两种情况显著增长。该研究结果可为各类突发性危机事件的管理与决策提供依据。
The decision-making behavior of individuals and groups under the crisis situations has become the focus in the academic circles. Partieularlly, research in the field of relationship between emotion and crisis decision-making has been in the limelight. Previous research discussed how emotions influence the crisis decision-making. Meanwhile, other related factors, such as gender differences and the number of programs, may also influence crisis decision-making. However, many of the previous studies did not focus on the relationship between negative emotion and crisis decision-making. Accordingly, this study intends to explore the effects of anger and fear, as well as other related factors, on crisis decision-making. Experimental procedures were showed on the computer by E-prime 2.0. A 2 （emotion） × 2 （gender） × 3 （ number of programs） experimental design was adapted. 120 undergraduate students took part in the study as subjects. They were randomly assigned to two groups, and each group was asked to complete three tasks. The study induces anger and fear in the subject by letting them watch film clips with crisis situations designed on the basis of the questionnaire. By the combined method of experiment and questionnaire, we explored the impact of anger, fear and the number of different programs on crisis decision-making, and analyzed gender differences on crisis decison-making. The results of the study show that ： （ 1 ） The crisis decision-making time in fear is notably longer than that in anger. And there is an obvious interaction between the emotional variable and the gender variable in the crisis decision-making time. （2） The females＇crisis decision-making time in fear is obviously longer than that in anger and than that of their male counterparts.. Meanwhile, with regard to the degree of satisfaction about the crisis decision-making, males apparently report higher degree of satisfaction than females. In addition, there is a conspicuous interaction between emotional variables and the gender variable in the confidence level of crisis decision-making. （ 3 ） With the program number increased, especially when the number comes to four, we get to the point that crisis decision-making time is significantly longer than that in the oth- er two cases. The results can provide a basis for management decision-making in a series of emergency crises.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期188-193,共6页
Journal of Psychological Science
关键词
愤怒
恐惧
方案数量
危机决策
anger, fear , number of programs, crisis decision-making
