摘要
以长白山落叶松(Larix olgensis)林下笃斯越桔(Vaccinium uliginosum)群落为对象,调查了构成群落土壤各层次的主要矿质养分N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S含量及其构成特征。结果表明:长白山区落叶松林下笃斯越桔群落的根系主要生长在由苔藓、落叶松和笃斯越桔凋落物等积累形成的上层基质内,而在由火山灰构成的下层矿质土壤层内几乎没有根系生长。主要构成成分苔藓(泥炭蘚Sphagnum spp.和金发藓Plytrichum spp.)的全N、全P和全K含量均明显大于落叶松针叶,全Ca含量略小于落叶松针叶,全Mg和全S含量与落叶松针叶相近,说明苔藓枯死体是群落N、P、K养分的重要来源之一;笃斯越桔枯落叶在凋落物内的构成比例虽较少,但N、P、Ca、S含量均较高,也是群落养分的重要来源之一。按照土壤层次,从上至下依次划分为活苔藓层L、死苔藓层F、半分解层A1、泥炭层A2和火山灰层C。全N含量呈F>L>A1>A2>C的趋势,除F层略高一点外,基本上呈自上而下递减的趋势;全P含量为L≈F≈A1>A2>C;全K含量为L≈F<A1<A2<C;全S含量为L≈F≈A1>A2>C;全Ca含量为L≈F>A1;全Mg含量为L<F<A1。在具有矿质土壤的A2层和C层,除有效S以外,C层的N、P、K、Ca、Mg等可利用矿质营养均明显低于A2层,加之C层pH值较高,限制了笃斯越桔根系的生长。
Taking the Vaccinium uliginosum community under Larix olgensis forest in Changbai Mountains as test object, an investigation was conducted on the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S and their composition characteristics in various soil layers. The root system of the V. uligi- nosum community was mainly distributed in the surface soil which was covered by moss and by the litters from Larix and Vaccinium, and few were in the mineral soil layer which was developed from pozzuolana. As compared with those in larch litter, the total N, P, and K contents in two moss taxa, Sphagnum and Plytrichum, were obviously higher, the total Ca content was slightly lower, whereas the total Mg and S contents were similar. These results suggested that dead mos- ses were the main sources of the N, P, and K for the V. uliginosum community. The litters of V. uliginosum, though their proportion in litter layer was small, still played an important role in nutrient supply, because of their higher contents of N, P, Ca, and S. From the top towards the bottom, the soil was divided into five layers, i. e. , live moss layer （L）, dead moss layer （F）, semi-decomposed layer （ A1 ）, peat layer （ A2）, and pozzolanie layer （C）. The soil total N con- tent showed a decline pattern in the order of F〉L〉A1 〉A2〉C, the total P was in the order of L= F=AI〉A2〉C, the total K was L=F〈AI〈A2〈C, the total S was L=F=AI〉A2〉C, the total Ca was L=F〉A1, and the total Mg was L〈F〈A1. In A2 and C layers, the contents of available mineral elements N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, except for S, in C layer were obviously lower than those in A2 layer. In addition, the higher pH value in C layer than in A2 layer restricted the root growth of V. uliginosum.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期325-331,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30972348)资助
关键词
笃斯越桔
矿质养分
苔藓
落叶松
长白山
Vaccinium uliginosum
mineral nutrient
moss
Larix olgensis
ChangbaiMountains.
