摘要
目的了解天津市区单亲中小学生心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用多级分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取天津市1 625名中小学生,采用自编一般情况调查表、心理健康诊断测验(MHT)、父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)进行调查。结果天津市区中小学生单亲比率为10.8%,和平区最高,为12.85%,七年级学生单亲比率最高,为12.79%;父母文化程度为本科的学生在学习焦虑、对人焦虑、自责倾向、过敏倾向、恐怖倾向方面的得分低于父母为中专的学生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);单亲中小学生心理健康问题(总分≥65分)检出率为20%;单亲学生的心理健康状况在总分及各个因子得分均高于双亲学生(P<0.05);父亲惩罚严厉、拒绝否认的教养方式与单亲学生MHT的8个因子均呈正相关(P<0.01);母亲过分干涉保护、拒绝否认、惩罚严厉的教养方式与学习焦虑、对人焦虑、孤独倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向等均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论天津市单亲中小学生存在较多的心理健康问题。
Objective To study mental health condition and its influence factors among primary and junior high students in single parent family.Methods Totally 1 625 students from 36 classes were examined with a self-designed common status questionnaire,Mental Health of Test（MHT）,and Egma Minnea av Bardndosnauppforstran（EMBU）.Results Among the students,10.8% were from single parent family.The percentage of students with single parent family was 12.79% for the students in grade 7.The students with parents having college education showed significantly lower scores than the students with parents having technical secondary school education for anxiety,self-accusation,sensitivity,and fear（all P0.05）.The students with single parent family had a detection rate of 20% for mental health problems（total score≥65）.The score of mental health for students in single parent family was lower than that of the students living with their parents.Severe penalty of father and rejection and denial parenting style were positively related to mental health problem score of the students with single parent family（P0.01）.Excessive interference,severe penalty,and negation of the mother were positively related to anxiety of study and interpersonal relation,lonely,allergy,somatic symptoms,and fear tendency among the students（all P0.05）.Conclusion The students with single parent family in urban area of Tianjin city have more mental health problems than the students with parental family.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期22-24,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(08JA880047)
天津市教育系统重点调研课题(TJJY-2010-46)
关键词
单亲家庭
双亲家庭
中小学生
心理健康
父母教养方式
single parent family
parents family
elementary and junior students
mental health
parenting style
