摘要
呼吸困难是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronicobstructi＇vepulmonarydisease，COPD）的首要症状，也是COPD患者最痛苦的症状。COPD诊断、处理和预防全球策略2011年报告推荐采用修订版呼吸困难分级（themodifiedMedicalResearchCouncilDyspneaScale，mMRC）评估COPD患者的呼吸困难，对mMRC达到和（或）超过2分的患者积极进行药物干预，以缓解呼吸困难。指南建议转化到临床实践的过程中，医师需要认识COPD呼吸困难的发生机制；理解呼吸困难测量工具的测定原理，包括信度、效度、对呼吸困难变化的敏感度；各种新老药物缓解呼吸困难的疗效。这篇文章从呼吸困难发生机制、呼吸困难测量、呼吸困难治疗三方面，综述COPD呼吸困难的最新进展。
Dyspnea is a first symptom and the most disabling symptom in majority of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. GOLD 2011 report recommends the use of the Modified British Medical Research Council （mMRC） to assess dyspnea, and the appropriate pharmacologic therapy to relieve dyspnea in all patients with mMRC scored 2 or more. However, in translation of the guideline recommendations into patient care, chest physicians need to understand the mechanisms contributing to breathlessness in patients with COPD, the development and testing （validity, reliability, and responsiveness） of different instruments used to measure dyspnea in clinical settings, and efficacy and effectiveness of both old and new pharmacologic options for the relief of dyspnea. This review fulfills these purposes and provides the updated information on mechanism, measurement, and pharmacologic management of dyspnea in patients with COPD.
出处
《国际呼吸杂志》
2013年第1期48-52,共5页
International Journal of Respiration
关键词
慢性阻塞性肺疾病
呼吸困难
发生机制
呼吸困难测量
呼吸困难治疗
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Breathlessness
Mechanism of dyspnea
Measurement of dyspnea
Management of dyspnea
