摘要
目的了解中学生自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂现况及其危险因素,为有针对性地采取干预措施提供依据。方法于2011年11月采取分层整群随机抽样方法,在湖南省长沙市抽取2 216名中学生,采用自制一般情况问卷、自杀行为问卷、青少年生活事件量表、交往焦虑量表和自尊量表进行调查。结果长沙市中学生自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂检出率分别为24.2%、6.0%和2.5%;女生自杀意念和自杀未遂发生率高于男生(χ2=34.814,P=0.000;χ2=5.924,P=0.015);农村中学生自杀计划和自杀未遂发生率高于城市(χ2=16.687,P=0.000;χ2=5.834,P=0.016);高中生自杀计划发生率高于初中生(χ2=8.109,P=0.004);多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,家庭暴力和生物事件总刺激量大是自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂的共同危险因素。结论中学生自杀行为发生率仍较高,应根据中学生自杀行为的主要危险因素采取必要的预防措施。
Objective To investigate prevalences of three specific suicide behaviors and related psychosocial factors among middle school students and to provide basis for suicide prevention and intervention. Methods A stratified cluster sampling survey was carded out with a self-designed questionnaire, suicidal behavior questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List（ ASLEC）, Interaction Anxiousness Scale（ IAS ）, and Self-Esteem Scale（SES） in 2 216 middie school students in Changsha city. Results In the past one year,24. 2% of the students had suicide ideation,6% had made a specific plan to attempt suicide, and 2. 5 % actually had attempted suicide. The incidences of suicide ideation and suicide attempt in the girls were higher than those in the boys（X^2 =34. 814,P =0. 000;X^2 =5. 924,P =0. 015）. The incidences of suicide plan and suicide attempt in the rural students were higher than those in the urban students （X^2 = 16. 687, P =0. 000;X^2 =5. 834,P =0. 016）. The incidence of suicide plan in the senior high school students was higher than that in the junior school students（X^2 = 8. 109 ,P = 0. 004）. The main risk factors for the three specific suicide behaviors included with single-parent family, family violence, negative life event, interaction anxiousness, and low self-esteem. Conclusion Suicide ideation is not rare in middle school students and specific intervention on related psychosocial risk factors should be promoted among the students.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期163-166,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
中学生
自杀行为
横断面调查
社会心理因素
middle school student
suicidal behavior
cross-sectional study
psychosocial risk factor
