摘要
海域使用系指人类根据海域的区位和资源与环境优势所开展活动对海域的占有和使用。从《中华人民共和国海域使用管理法》实施以来,人们始终用确权用海数据分析全国海域使用现状,得到的结果较为片面。为加强海域使用管理和促进海洋资源的可持续利用,迫切需要全面掌握全国的海域使用现状。本文根据全国海域使用现状调查数据,综合分析了全国海域使用现状的特点,海域使用对国民经济和社会发展的贡献以及存在的问题,同时提出了针对性的意见和建议。分析表明:我国海域使用具有类型齐全,渔业用海比重较大,海域使用空间分布不平衡等特点;另外,海域使用在促进国民经济和社会发展的同时,也存在未确权用海较多、部分用海与海洋功能区划不一致、部门和行业间开发利用海洋资源矛盾突出、海洋开发给海洋环境带来负面影响等问题。研究的内容以期能为全国海洋资源的开发利用和海域使用管理提供借鉴。
In order to promote reasonable and sustainable development it is important to master the status and discover and solve problems surrounding the effective use of sea. Here, we analyze features of the use of sea areas across China and problems and contributions from sea areas to the national economy and social development. Our data show that the use of sea areas is characterized by complete types, an irrational spatial structure, and a large proportion of sea fisheries. The use of sea areas has contributed to the development of national development space, promotion of the development of the national economy, increasing central and local income, and provided employment opportunities. However, there is much unascertained ownership of sea area and some areas are inconsistent with marine functional zoning. There is also a contradiction between departments and industry development in developing and utilizing marine resources （for example, between the marine communications and transportation industry and ocean fisheries; between coastal tourism and marine fisheries）. Ocean development negatively impacted the marine environment through declining sea water quality and disruptions to ecological balance. It is hoped that research provides a reference to the exploitation and utilization of marine resources and the administration of sea areas in China.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期405-411,共7页
Resources Science
基金
国家海洋局908专项(编号:908-ZC-I-11)
关键词
海域使用
现状
可持续发展
渔业
海洋区划
中国
Sea areas utilization
Status
Sustainable development
Fishery
Marine zoning
China
