摘要
利用2010年6月至2011年5月鞍山大气成分观测站能见度资料,统计分析能见度与PM10、PM2.5、PM1.0质量浓度、风速、降水强度和气溶胶光学厚度等气象要素的相关性。结果表明:鞍山市能见度月平均值自8月始呈上升趋势,11月达到峰值后开始显著下降,2月达到最低值,自3月开始又出现较大幅度增长,进入夏季后略有下降;PM2.5/PM10、PM1.0/PM10比值与能见度呈反相关,能见度增大,PM2.5/PM10、PM1.0/PM10比值减小,且PM1.0/PM10的减小趋势更大,说明影响能见度的颗粒物以细粒子为主。平均风速与能见度变化趋势基本一致,与PM2.5/PM10、PM1.0/PM10的变化趋势呈反相关。随着雨强的增大,降水日能见度平均值随之减小,降水前一日和后一日的能见度平均值均大于降水日,且降水前一日及后一日的能见度改变量及改变率的绝对值随降水强度的增加而增加。波长指数的变化说明影响鞍山能见度变化的污染物粒子整体较稳定,能见度与AOD呈明显的反相关。
Based on the visibility data at atmospheric composition monitoring station of Anshan from June 2010 to May 2011 ,the relationship between visibility and meteorological elements such as mass concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 ,PM1.0 ,wind speed,precipitation intensity and aerosol optical depth（AOD）were analyzed. The results indi- cate that the monthly average visibility is in an increasing trend after August, reaches a peak in November and then drops significantly and gets the lowest value in February;it is in a substantial increase after March, while it is in a slight decrease in summer. The ratios of PM2. 5 to PM10 and PM1.0 to PM10 have a negative correlation with the visi- bility, namely,the higher the visibility is ,the lower two ratios are, and the decreasing trend of PM1.0/PM10 is sig- nificant. Thus,it suggests that particles affecting the visibility are mainly fine particles. The trends of the average wind speed and visibility are basically the same, while the trend of average wind is in a negative correlation with those of PM2. 5/PM10 and PM1.0/PM10. The average visibility decreases with the increase of precipitation intensity. The average visibility in the days before the precipitation day and after the precipitation day is more than that in the precipitation day, and their change values and change rates increase with the increase of precipitation intensity. It can be seen by the change of the Angstrom exponent that pollutant particles impacting the visibility in Anshan are more stable as a whole. It is a significant negative correlation between visibility and AOD.
出处
《气象与环境学报》
2013年第1期18-22,共5页
Journal of Meteorology and Environment
基金
中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所"大气能见度器测与目测的比较"项目资助
关键词
能见度
PM
降水强度
AOD
Visibility
PM
Precipitation intensity
Aersol optical depth（AOD）
