摘要
目的了解潍坊市自1992年实施乙型肝炎疫苗(hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)免疫策略后1～19岁人群的流行病学及免疫学效果。方法按2006年全国乙肝血清流行病学调查方案要求,选取潍坊市1～19岁人群为调查对象,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清中乙肝表面抗原(hepatitis Bsurface antigen,HBsAg)、抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(antibody to HBsAg,Anti-HBs)、抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体(anti-body to hepatitis B virus core antigen,Anti-HBc),同时收集潍坊市1992-2011年历年乙肝发病率资料进行前后对照。结果共采集1～19岁人群血清标本1 051份,HBsAg阳性率为1.05%,不同年龄组间阳性率差异无统计学意义(P=0.228);Anti-HBs、Anti-HBc阳性率分别为69.74%、2.28%,不同年龄组间差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.001);HBsAg、Anti-HBs、Anti-HBc阳性率男女性别间差异均无统计学意义(均有P>0.05)。与1990年调查结果相比,1～19岁人群HBsAg、Anti-HBc阳性率分别下降81.35%、82.13%,Anti-HBs阳性率上升218.59%。2009-2011年1～19岁人群报告平均发病率(1.12/10万)比1992-1994年(7.21/10万)下降84.47%,≥20岁以上人群2009-2011年的报告平均发病率(8.41/10万)较1992-1994年(10.58/10万)仅下降20.51%。结论乙肝疫苗免疫策略的实施具有较好的流行病学和免疫学效果。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and immunological effects among the population who had implemented hepatitis B vaccine（HepB） immunization strategy in Weifang City. Methods According to the 2006 nationwide hepatitis B serological-epidemiological survey program, the population from I to 19 years old were investigated. En- zyme-linked immunnosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect serum hepatitis B surface antigen（ HBsAg）, antibody to HBsAg（Anti-HBs）, and antibody to hepatitis B virus core antigen（Anti-HBc）. Data about hepatitis B incidence was col- lected from 1992 to 2011. Results 1 051 serum samples were collected. HBsAg positive rate was 1.05% ,and there were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates among different age groups （P = 0. 228 ）. Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc positive rates were 69. 74% and 2. 28% respectively, and there were statistically significant differences about positive rates among different age groups （all P 〈 0. 001 ） ; there were no statistically significant differences in positive rates of HBsAg, Anti-HBs, Anti-HBc between different sexes （all P 〉 0.05）. Compared with 1990 survey results, HBsAg, and Anti-HBc positive rates were decreased by 81.35% and 82. 13% respectively. Anti-HBs positive rate was increased by 218. 59%. The average incidence rate （1.12/100 000） from 2009 to 2011 in the population from 1 to 19 years old was decreased by 84. 47% compared with that of the population from 1992 to 1994 （7.21/100 000）. The average incidence rate in the population more than 20 years old only was dropped by 20. 51%. Conclusions Since 1992, the implementation of HepB immunization strategy had obvious epidemiological and immunological effects.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第2期170-172,共3页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
潍坊市科技计划项目(201103087)
