摘要
本试验旨在研究添加不同比例益生菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡小肠黏膜形态、血清T淋巴细胞亚群及肠道菌群的影响。选用14日龄健康黄羽肉鸡320只,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡,Ⅰ组为空白对照组,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别添加3%、6%和9%发酵棉粕,研究不同添加量对肉鸡生长前期(14～28日龄)、中期(29～45日龄)、后期(46～65日龄)各阶段小肠黏膜形态,中、后期血清T淋巴细胞亚群及后期肠道菌群的影响。研究结果显示:①与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ组黄羽肉鸡前、中、后期的十二指肠绒毛高度极显著提高31.90%、25.17%、49.41%(P<0.01),隐窝深度极显著降低9.42%、11.31%、10.83%(P<0.01),V/C极显著提高45.65%、41.19%、67.84%(P<0.01);空肠绒毛高度极显著提高28.72%、28.38%、27.61%(P<0.01),隐窝深度显著或极显著下降6.65%(P<0.05)、6.18%(P<0.01)、7.37%(P<0.01),V/C极显著提高37.84%、36.69%、37.82%(P<0.01);回肠绒毛高度极显著提高76.64%、40.36%、67.20%(P<0.01),隐窝深度显著降低4.09%、6.07%、6.02%(P<0.05),V/C极显著提高83.79%、49.27%、78.26%(P<0.01)。②中、后期Ⅳ组黄羽肉鸡CD4+/CD8+显著提高42.86%、34.95%(P<0.05)。③随着发酵棉粕添加量的增多,黄羽肉鸡的十二指肠、空肠、回肠中乳酸菌的数量逐渐增多,且差异越来越明显,除Ⅱ组十二指肠和空肠段外,其余各组的各肠段差异均显著或极显著(P<0.05;P<0.01)。大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量逐渐减少,且差异越来越明显,除Ⅱ组十二指肠段外,其余各组各肠段差异均显著或极显著(P<0.05;P<0.01)。综上所述,6%发酵棉粕组在提高十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度、V/C,降低其隐窝深度方面都优于3%、9%发酵棉粕组,而9%发酵棉粕组在提高CD4+/CD8+、肠道乳酸菌数量和降低大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量方面优于3%、6%发酵棉粕组。
This paper was to research the effect of different proportions of fermented cottonseed meal included in diets on small intestinal mucosa morphology,T lymphocyte cell subset and intestinal microflora in Yellow chicken.Selected 14-day-old healthy broiler 320,were randomly divided into 4 groups,each group four replicates of 20 chickens per replicate.Ⅰ Group was the control group fed with the basal diet,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups were added 3%,6% and 9% fermented cottonseed meal in diets,respectively.The aim was to study the effect of different content of fermented cottonseed meal on the early（14 to 28 days）,medium（29 to 45 days）,and later（46 to 65 days） periods on small intestinal mucosa morphology,T lymphocyte cell subset of medium and later periods and intestinal microflora of later periods in broilers.The results showed that the early,medium,the height of villus of duodenal of the wholes periods in Ⅲ group were significantly increased respectively by 31.90%,25.17% and 49.41%（P＆lt;0.01）.The depth of crypt of duodenal in Ⅲ group were significantly reduced by 9.42%,11.31% and 10.83%（P＆lt;0.01）.The V/C of duodenal in Ⅲ group were significantly increased respectively by 45.65%,41.19% and 67.84%（P＆lt;0.01）.The height of villus of jejunum of the wholes periods in Ⅲ group were significantly increased respectively by 28.72%,28.38% and 27.61%（P＆lt;0.01）.The depth of crypt of jejunum in Ⅲ group were significantly reduced by 6.65%（P＆lt;0.05）,6.18%（P＆lt;0.01）,7.37%（P＆lt;0.01）.The V/C of jejunum in Ⅲ group were significantly increased respectively by 37.84%,36.69% and 37.82%（P＆lt;0.01）.The height of villus of ileum of the wholes periods in Ⅲ group were significantly increased respectively by 76.64%,40.36% and 67.20%（P＆lt;0.01）.The depth of crypt of ileum in Ⅲ group were significantly reduced by 4.09%,6.07% and 6.02%（P＆lt;0.05）.The V/C of ileum in Ⅲ group were significantly increased respectively by 83.79%,49.27% and 78.26%（P＆lt;0.01）.The CD4＋/CD8＋ of broilers in Ⅳ group was significantly increased respectively by 42.86% and 34.95%（P＆lt;0.05） in the medium and later periods.With the increasing of the amount of fermentation of cottonseed meal,the number of broilers of the duodenum,jejunum,ileum of lactic acid bacteria increased gradually,excepte the difference of lactic acid bacteria of duodenum and jejunum of Ⅱ group was not significant,the number of the intestines of lactic acid bacteria of rest group increased gradually significantly.The number of the Escherichia coli and Salmonella reduced gradually,excepte the difference of the duodenal segment of Escherichia coli of Ⅱ group and the different of lactic acid bacteria of the duodenum,jejunum,ileum of the intestines.In a word,6% fermented cottonseed meal in improving the villus heigh of the duodenum,jejunum,ileum,reducing its crypt depth,and improving the V/C was better than 3%,9% fermented cottonseed meal group,while 9% fermentation cottonseed meal group in improving the CD4＋/CD8＋ and the number of lactic acid bacteria and reducing the number of the Escherichia coli and Ssalmonella was better than 3% and 6% fermented cottonseed meal group.
出处
《中国畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第3期84-91,共8页
China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30960258)
石河子大学科技成果转化引导资金专项(kjkfyzh2009-cgzh01)
关键词
黄羽肉鸡
小肠黏膜形态
血清T淋巴细胞亚群
肠道菌群
Yellow chicken
small intestinal mucosa morphology
T lymphocyte cell subset
intestinal microflorain
