摘要
【目的】为了有效防治我国近些年新发现的桃枝枯病,【方法】采用菌丝生长抑制法,测定了15种杀菌剂对桃枝枯病菌(Phomopsis amygdali)的毒力,筛选出高效药剂,并进行田间防治试验。【结果】室内毒力测定显示,咪鲜胺抑菌能力很强,EC50值为0.0047 mg·L-1;其次是多菌灵、苯醚甲环唑和烯唑醇,EC50值分别为0.0276、0.0692、0.0762mg·L-1。田间防病试验表明,花后连续喷雾3次(每次间隔10 d),40%咪鲜胺水乳剂800倍稀释液防病效果最好,药后15 d对病枝和枯枝的防效分别为95.7%和89.4%,药后40 d分别为90.4%和88.5%;其次是50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂500倍液和10%苯醚甲环唑悬浮剂600倍液,药后40 d防效在70%～80%。【结论】咪鲜胺、多菌灵和苯醚甲环唑对桃枝枯病菌有较强的毒力,且对桃枝枯病的田间防治效果明显,其中咪鲜胺的毒力最强、防效最好。
[Objective]Shoot blight of peach is a new serious disease infecting peach twigs in the southern China in recent years. The objective of the study was to screen the effective fungicides against the disease, with high control efficacy. [Method]The virulence of 15 fungicides against the pathogen Phomopsis amyg- dali was tested in the laboratory by mycelial growth inhibition method, and then the fungicides with high virulence were used in the field control trials. [Result]The results showed that prochloraz had the strongest virulence, with EC5o value of 0.0047 mg·L^-1, and carbendazim, difenoconazole and diniconazole had better antimicrobial effects, with ECso values of 0.0276 mg·L^-1, 0.0692 mg·L^-1 and 0.0762 mg·L^-1, respectively. The field trials showed that prochloraz 40% EW （800-fold dilution） was the best to prevent diseased twigs and blight ones, with the control efficacy of 95.7% and 89.4% 15 days after three times of the spray, respectively, and with the efficacy of 90.4% and 88.5% 40 days after the spray. Furthermore, the control efficacy of carbendazim 50% WP （500-fold dilution） and difenoconazole 10% SC （600-fold di- lution） were 70% to 80% 40 days after the spray. [Conclusion]The study indicated that prochloraz, car- bendazim and difenoconazole had high virulence to peach shoot blight pathogen P. amygdali, and the three fungicides had significant control effects on the disease in field. Among of them, prochloraz had the high- est virulence to P. amygdali and the best control efficacy on peach shoot blight.
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期281-284,共4页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-31-2-02)
关键词
桃枝枯病
杀菌剂
毒力
田间防效
Peach shoot blight （Phomopsis amygdali）
Fungicides
Virulence test
Control efficacy infield
