摘要
以黑龙江省帽儿山地区不同林龄胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)人工林为对象,在考虑化感物质影响的基础上,研究了不同林龄林分植物多样性的差异。结果表明:随着胡桃楸林龄的增加,林下灌木丰富度指数(IMa)、多样性指数(Isw)及Pielou均匀度指数(J)均呈现递增趋势;林下草本,除均匀度指数外,其他2个指数随着林龄的增长呈递减趋势;随着胡桃楸年龄的增加,草本种类由14种逐渐减少到10种;16年生的胡桃楸林分重要值较大的物种有蔷薇科的山楂叶悬钩子,菊科的一年蓬、蒲公英和蔷薇科的蛇莓委陵菜;23年生胡桃楸林分重要值较大的灌木物种有榆科的春榆和木犀科的暴马丁香,草本植物有禾本科的龙常草和蕨类植物;51年生胡桃楸林分中重要值较大的灌木物种为木犀科的暴马丁香,重要值较大的草本物种为木贼科的木贼和紫草科的山茄子;胡桃楸林植物多样性受胡桃醌的影响较小,土壤有效磷、速效钾对灌木的多样性指数影响较大;灌木与草本植物对pH值的适应范围明显不同;其他土壤指标,如容重、含水率、有机质、全氮等对灌木及草本多样性指数的影响均表现出相反的作用。
Taking 16-, 23-, and 51 years old Manchurian walnut （Juglans mandshurica） planta- tions at Maoershan of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China as test objects, and with the con- sideration of allelochemicals, this paper studied the differences in the understory vegetation biodi- versity among the plantations. With the increasing age of the plantations, the understory shrub richness index （ⅠMa） , diversity index （Ⅰsw） , and Pielou evenness index （J） all presented an in- creasing trend, while the understory herb ⅠMa and Isw were decreasing, and the herb species num- ber decreased from 14 to 10. The most important plant species in the different-aged plantations were Rubus kanayamensis, Erigeron annuus, Taraxacum officinale, and Potentilla centigrana in 16 years old plantation, Ulmus japonica, Syringare ticulata, and Diarrhena manshurica in 23 years old plantation, and Syringare ticulata, Hippochaete hiemale, and Brachybotrys paridiformis in 51 years old plantation. The plant biodiversity of the plantations was less affected by juglone, but the understory shrub biodiversity was more affected by soil available P and K. The understory shrubs and herbs adapted differently to various soil pH ranges. Other soil factors such as bulk density, moisture content, organic matter, and total N had opposite effects on the biodiversity of understory shrubs and herbs.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期807-812,共6页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31070385)资助
关键词
胡桃楸
植物多样性
林龄
化感物质
Juglans mandshurica
plant biodiversity
stand age
allelochemicals.
