摘要
目的:比较不同年龄组不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)患者的临床特点,为针对不同年龄组UAP患者行之有效的护理措施提供依据。方法:217例UAP患者根据年龄分为3组:青年组(20～44岁)24例,中年组(45～59岁)60例,老年组(60岁以上)133例。以自行设计的调查问卷进行问卷调查,用病例对照研究的方法分析比较三组的临床特点。结果:三组患者的发病诱因有显著差异(P<0.01),青年组以劳累(94.6%)为最多,老年组以情绪激动(52.4%)为最多,中年组居中;伴发病也有显著差异(P<0.05),伴有高血压,高脂血症,糖尿病的以老年组最多(81.2%,77.4%,66.9%),青年组最少(25.0%,12.5%,16.7%)。冠脉造影阳性率老年组(65.6%),中年组(62.2%)均显著高于青年组(27.3%),P<0.05。随访36个月发现:青年组、中年组、老年组患者病情控制不再复发的比率分别为66.7%、35.0%、13.5%,三组间存在显著性差异(χ2=9.67,P<0.01),且比率随年龄的增长而降低;心力衰竭(0、1.54%、10.5%),脑卒中(0、3.1%、16.5%)发生率随年龄的增加而明显上升(依次为P<0.05,<0.01)。结论:应针对不同年龄组不稳定型心绞痛的临床特点,采取相应护理对策,防治心绞痛,提高疗效,改善预后。
Objective： To compare clinical characteristics of patients with unstable angina pectoris （UAP） among dif- ferent age groups and provide theory bases for effective nursing measures in UAP patients of different age groups. Methods： According to age, a total of 217 UAP patients were divided into youth group （20~44 years old, n = 24）, middle-aged group （45--59 years old, n = 60） and aged group （≥60 years old, n = 133）. Self-designed question- naire was used to survey and clinical characteristics of three groups were compared and analyzed using case control study. Results： There were significant difference in inducement among three groups （P〈0.01）; maximum induce- ment in youth group and aged group was exertion （94.6%）, psych （52.4%） respectively, and inducement of mid- dle-aged group was medium; There were all significant difference in concomitant disease in three groups （P〈0.05）, patients complicated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetic in aged group were 81.2%, 77.4%, 66.9%respectively at most, in youth group were lowest （25.0%, 12.5%, 16.7%）. Positive rates of coronary angiogra- phy of aged group and middle-aged group were 65.6%, 62.2%, and significantly higher than that of youth group （27.3%）, P（0.05. After 36-month follow up, no recurrence rates were 66.7%, 35.0% and 13.5% in youth, middle-aged and aged group respectively, the higher age was, the lower percentage was, and there were significant difference among three groups （x2 = 9.67, P（0.01）; As age grew, there were significant increase in incidence rates of heart failure （0, 1.54%, 10.5%） and stroke （0, 3.1%, 16.5%）, P〈0.05, 〈0.01 respectively. Con- clusion： Must take corresponding nursing strategy for preventing and curing unstable angina pectoris to increase therapeutic effect and improve prognosis according to clinical characteristics of UAP patients in different age groups.
出处
《心血管康复医学杂志》
CAS
2013年第2期160-163,共4页
Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Medicine
关键词
心绞痛
不稳定
年龄组
护理
Angina, unstable
Age groups
Nursing care
