摘要
黄淮海平原是中国重要的粮食生产基地,也是水资源严重短缺地区。提高农田水分利用效率,在维持高产的前提下大幅度减少农业用水量,对缓解地区水资源危机、保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。本文针对黄淮海平原现状,结合相关领域的国内外研究进展,分析提出了实现地区农田节水增产增效的对策及当前需要重点突破的理论与技术难点,主要包括4个方面:控制作物群体奢侈蒸腾耗水量的理论基础与方法;降低农田非生产性耗水的理论与途径;缓解地区淡水资源危机的非常规水安全持续利用机理与途径;基于区域水资源供需平衡的水分生产力均衡提升的机理与途径。最后提出黄淮海平原农田高效用水基础研究的主要挑战并展望了未来可能取得重大突破的领域。
The North China Plain（NCP）,one of the most important agricultural regions in China,is facing a major water-resource crisis.Improving cultivar water use efficiency（WUE）,to reduce water use while maintaining high production level,is of great significance for national food and water security.In this review,strategies for crop yield enhancing and water saving in the NCP,and the theoretical and technological problems need to be currently resolved were proposed,referring to the advances in the relevant studies achieved all over the world.The main points include theories and the specific methods for controlling luxurious transpiration of crop population;theories and pathways for reducing field non-productive water consumption;the mechanism and pathways for sustainable utilization of unconventional water that may mitigate regional water crisis;the mechanism and pathways for gaining a balanced improvement of regional water productivity based on the balance between water resources supply and requirement.Finally,the main challenges in basic studies on efficient field water use in the NCP were proposed,and the fields in which important breakthrough may be achieved in the future were also prospected.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期1149-1157,共9页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30871447)
国家"863"计划课题(2011AA100501)
关键词
黄淮海平原
水资源
作物产量
水分利用效率
水分生产力
North China Plain
water resource
crop yield
water use efficiency
water productivity
