摘要
测定了国Ⅲ、国Ⅳ和国Ⅴ3种排放水平道路柴油机及一种非道路国Ⅱ柴油机的颗粒物与重金属比排放。结果表明,国Ⅴ排放水平的道路柴油机在颗粒物及重金属比排放方面均远低于国Ⅲ和国Ⅳ道路柴油机,重金属比排放仅为国Ⅲ和国Ⅳ道路柴油机的约75%。国Ⅳ道路柴油机瞬态工况(ETC)试验的颗粒物及重金属比排放均显著高于稳态工况(ESC)试验,且大排量柴油机在ETC试验中重金属比排放比小排量柴油机高出20%以上。道路与非道路柴油机7种重金属比排放顺序基本为As>Zn、Cu、Cr>Ni、Pb>Cd。非道路国Ⅱ柴油机重金属总比排放是道路柴油机重金属比排放的近16倍,表明非道路柴油机在颗粒物和重金属比排放方面对环境的污染风险均显著高于道路柴油机。
Specific emission of particle matter （PM） and heavy metals from road and off-road diesel engine of different emission levels （GII to GV ） were analyzed. The results showed that specific emission of PM and heavy metals from diesel engine of GV were much lower than that from diesel engine of GIII and GIV. For example, the specific emission of heavy metals from diesel engine of GV was only 75% of that from GIll and Gig. For road diesel engine of GIV, specific emission of PM and heavy metals under European transient cycle （ETC） test was obviously higher than those under European steady state cycle （ESC） test. Meanwhile, specific emission of heavy metals from large displacement diesel engine was more than 20% higher than that of low displacement diesel engine under ETC test. The rank order of specific emission of seven heavy metals from road and off-road diesel engine was almost As〉 Zn, Cu, Cr〉Ni, Pb〉Cd. The total specific emission of heavy metals from off-road diesel engine of GII was nearly 16 times of that from road diesel engine, indicated that it had more environmental pollution risk.
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期43-46,51,共5页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(No.KM201310011005)
关键词
柴油机
颗粒物
重金属
比排放
diesel engine
particle matter
heavy metals
specific emission
