摘要
京师同文馆是中国近代科技水平最高的学府。其中于1867年成立的天文算学馆成为当时中国新型的专业系科,也促进了中国新式教育诞生。1872年出现的"京师同文馆壬申岁考算学试题",是目前我们见到的中国近代最早的新式教育数学试题。说明中国现代数学教学的开端要早于1872年,应在1868年左右。也说明中国学校教育课程结构发生了质的变化,数学开始作为一个独立的学科进入了中国的课堂。试题与答案用的是汉语,涉及代数、几何、三角等数学知识,与现在教学层次比较,其中高中部分试题比例为55%,初中部分试题比例占45%。它折射出我国现代科学技术教育的起点和科学技术兴起的足迹;标志着近代新式数学教学的开始,现代数学知识的传播;同时反映了当时中国数学教学水平的低下。
Capital Tung-wen College was an institution with highest science and technology in modern times. Westernization defeated the diehards and in 1867 set up an Astronomy-and-Arithmetic Department, which had become China＇s latest type of discipline at that time. This also promoted the birth of modem education in China. ＂Capital Tung-wen College Ren Sben-year-old test arithmetic Questions＂ is by far the earliest new style education mathematics test, which shows that Chinese modern mathematics teaching started before1872, circa 1868. It also shows that the structure of the Chinese school curriculum has made a fundamental change and mathematics came into the Chinese classrooms as an independent discipline. The testing language was Chinese and the test items involved algebra, geometry, trigonometry and other mathematical knowledge. Compared with the present level of teaching, the proportion of the test accounted for 55 percent in senior school; while in junior middle school, it only occupied 45 percent. Capital Tung -wen College reflects the takeoff and the prosperity of Chinese modern science and technology education, testifies the independence of mathematical disciplines. This indicates the beginning of modem mathematical education and the widespread use of contemporary mathematical knowledge. However it is also a epitome of low level of Chinese mathematics teaching at that time.
出处
《徐州师范大学学报（教育科学版）》
2010年第2期82-85,共4页
Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Educational Sciences Edition)
关键词
京师同文馆
算学题
新式数学教学
Capital Tung-wen College
mathematics test
modern mathematics teaching
