摘要
尽管多数学者在实际使用比较方法时,夹杂了归纳知识和控制变量两种不同的目的,但从严格的科学意义上讲,比较的意义更多在于控制而非归纳。多数事物之间都是可以比较的,但关键是要找到比较的逻辑。相似案例比较和相异案例比较都可以成为比较的基本逻辑。经典的比较方法主要在求同法和求异法的逻辑上展开。这两种方法的实质都是单因解释,而近年来比较政治研究的一个重要进展则是从单因解释转向多因解释,这主要表现为布尔代数和模糊集合方法的兴起以及事件分析的发展。
Most scholars usually have two different aims of inducting knowledge and controlling variables in comparison, but in the strict scientific meaning, the value of comparison is more controlling than inducting. Most things can be comparable, but the key is to find the logic of comparison. Similar cases comparison and different cases comparison both can be the basic logic of comparison. Classical comparative methods are the method of agreement and the method of difference. Both of the two methods are one-cause explanation, and one of the important trends in recent comparative politics research is from one-cause explanation to multi-causes explanation, which means the rise of Boolean algebra and fuzzy sets, and the development of event analysis.
出处
《社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第5期4-11,共8页
Journal of Social Sciences
关键词
比较政治
比较方法
方法自觉
多因解释
Comparative Politics
Comparative Method
Methodological Consciousness
Muti-causesExplanation
