新兴援助国的“兴”与“新”--垂直范式与水平范式的实证比较研究被引量：37

Horizontal Paradigm vs.Vertical Paradigm:Fundamental Differences between Emerging and Traditional Foreign Development Aid

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摘要近年来,新兴援助国积极开展对外援助,引发了全球发展援助领域的一场革命。学界对新兴援助国与传统援助国外援的差异做了大量总结和分析。然而事实上,外援政策与实践上的差异不仅存在于新兴援助国与传统援助国之间,而且传统援助国外援之间的差异也长期并广泛存在着。对差异性的比较研究并没有回答什么是新兴外援与传统外援的本质不同以及什么是所谓的"新型"外援。作者从援助关系中的核心概念、前提假设、基本原则和起始关系四个方面定义了"垂直范式"和"水平范式"两种截然不同的"理想类型",并认为传统援助国代表了"垂直范式",而南方援助国则体现了新型的"水平范式"。作者运用多层模型对跨区间时间序列数据进行分析,发现传统援助国和南方援助国在外援分配动因上体现了明显的范式差异,而新兴援助国中的阿拉伯援助国和类DAC援助国则居于两种范式之间。作者的研究发现可以用于解释为什么传统援助国针对南方援助国持有警惕和怀疑态度以及为什么进行发展援助三边协作困难重重。 In recent years,many non-OECD-DAC countries have become active aid donors and have been more and more deeply engaged in international aid activities,which is regarded by many as a 'silent revolution' in global development assistance.Undoubtedly,the differences between the emerging donors and the traditional ones he in all aspects and at different levels,on which the scholarship has been focused when studying the 'new',and arguably 'revolutionary',type of aid offered by the emerging donors.However,the presence of differences does not necessarily define a 'new' type of aid,since differences can be widely observed not only between the emerging and traditional donors,but also within the new and established camps of donors respectively.Then,has there really emerged a new and coherent type of foreign aid? If so,what are its defining characteristics that differentiate the emerging aid from the traditional aid? By defining an aid paradigm with its core concepts,key assumptions,fundamental relationships,and guiding principles,this paper argues that the Southern donors represent a horizontal paradigm of foreign aid in contrast to the traditional vertical paradigm represented by the OECD-DAC donors.By analyzing time-series cross-sectional data on foreign aid allocation,this research finds empirical evidence that the motivations behind aid allocation clearly reflect the distinction of the two paradigms.The findings in this research shed light on questions regarding the cautions held by the traditional do-nors towards the Southern donors and the obstacles to trilateral cooperation.

作者庞珣

机构地区清华大学国际关系学系

出处《世界经济与政治》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第5期31-54,共24页 World Economics and Politics

基金中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金外交学院重点项目“官方对外发展援助的国际协作问题研究”的资助(项目编号:ZY2012KB01)

关键词新兴援助国范式水平垂直外援分配动因 emerging donors aid paradigm motivations for aid allocation

分类号 D815 [政治法律—国际关系] F114.4 [经济管理—国际贸易]

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参考文献68

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