摘要
目的:为加强抗菌药物的科学管理及合理使用提供参考。方法:以《处方管理办法》、《医院处方点评管理规范(试行)》等为依据,按照卫生部规定的随机抽取方法抽取我院2012年4-10月的门诊处方12924张,对其中抗菌药物的使用情况进行统计、分析,并对存在的问题提出改进措施。结果:12924张处方中,应用抗菌药物的处方有1781张,占13.78%。其中,抗菌药物联用处方128张,占应用抗菌药物处方的1.1%;注射用抗菌药物处方占应用抗菌药物处方的3.18%;头孢菌素类在抗菌药物使用频次和占比(53.64%)排序中均处于首位,喹诺酮(11.37%)和大环内酯类(9.22%)分别位居第3位和第5位。抗菌药物中基本药物的使用频次占使用总频次的比例平均为19.25%,使用国家基本药物目录中的抗菌药物的处方占总抗菌药物处方数的比例平均为29.20%,硝基咪唑类、喹诺酮类、青霉素类中的国家基本药物使用频次远远高于头孢菌素类、大环内酯类。妇产科与耳鼻喉科应用抗菌药物频次较高,分别占到25.10%、25.49%。我院门诊抗菌药物的不合理处方占抗菌药物处方的9.43%。结论:我院门诊处方中抗菌药物的使用情况基本合理,但仍需加大力度宣传抗菌药物的合理应用,以确保患者用药安全、有效、经济;国家基本药物目录中的硝基咪唑类、喹诺酮类、青霉素类药品的品种能够满足特大型三级甲等医院的需求,而头孢类抗菌药物尚无法满足。
OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for scientific management rational use of antibiotic drugs.METHODS：12 924 outpatient prescriptions were randomly selected from Apr.to Oct.in 2012 according to Prescription Management and Management and Regulation for Hospital Prescription Comment（trials）.The utilization of antibiotics was analyzed statistically,and the suggestions were provided the existing problems.RESULTS：Among 12 924 prescriptions,there were 1 781 antibiotic prescriptions（13.78%）.There were 128 combined use of antibiotic prescriptions,taking up 1.1% in all antibiotic prescriptions.The prescriptions of Antibiotic for injection took up 3.18% of all antibiotic prescriptions.The frequency of cephalosporins（53.64%） was the highest among all the prescribed antibiotics.Quinolones and macrolides also occupied the 3th,5th position,taking up 11.37% and 9.22% respectively.The frequency of essential antibiotics took up 19.25%,and essential antibiotic prescriptions took up 29.20% averagely.National essential drugs among nitroimidazoles,quinolones and penicillins were far more frequently prescribed than cephalosporins and macrolides.The DDDs of antibiotics in obseterics/gynecology department and ENT department was the highest,accounting for 25.10% and 25.49%,respectively.The irrational antibiotics prescription accounted for 9.43% of all antibiotics in our hospital.CONCLUSIONS：The use of antibiotics is rational basically in outpatient prescription,but more work must be done to ensure that medicines are used safely,effectively and economically in patients.Nitroimidazoles,quinolones and penicillins in the national essential drug list are able to meet the need of large-scale third-grade class A hospitals,but cephalosporins can not.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第20期1901-1904,共4页
China Pharmacy
关键词
门诊药房
国家基本药物
抗菌药物
处方
分析
Outpatient pharmacy
National essential drugs
Antibiotics
Prescription
Analysis
