摘要
[目的]探究我国南方集约化饲养条件下特定阶段荷斯坦奶牛生长发育及体态结构的变化。[方法]对扬州大学实验农牧场的279头荷斯坦奶牛(49头犊牛、35头青年牛、195头成年牛)进行体尺测量,将测量所得原始数据进行处理得出各个生理阶段的体尺指数,用SPSS 15.0软件分析体尺指数在各生理阶段、成年牛胎次间的变化,并绘制散点图对场内犊牛和青年牛的体高、体长、胸围指标进行拟合。[结果]牛只年龄越大,体型越长;犊牛生长发育均衡;青年牛不同月龄体尺发育不均衡;成年牛因胎次的不同其体态结构呈现出无规律性,但要注意对产胎多的母牛加强补充骨骼生长发育所需营养。[结论]为奶牛场的犊牛饲养管理、青年牛培育及饲养管理、成年牛的选种选配工作提供了借鉴。
[Objective] The aim was to study the specific phase of growth and development and body structure of Holstein cows in the intensive rearing conditions in the South.[Method] The body sizes of 279 Holstein cows including 49 calves,35 young cows and 195 adult cows on from Experimental Farm of Yangzhou University were measured.And these raw data were calculated by the computer to obtain body size index.Then the body size indexes were analyzed by SPSS 15.0 software to reflect changes among calves,young cows and cows and changes between various parities among cows.Body size indexes such as body high,body length and heart girth among young cows and calves were fitted by protracting scatter plot drawing.[Result] The older cows were,the longer their bodies were.Calves had a stable growth and development.Young cattle' growth balance of body size showed no balance.The body structure about adult cows of different parity showed no regularity,so the specific feeding for parity cows which gave birth to more babies should be considered.[Conclusion] The research result provides reference for the feeding and management of calves,the cultivation,feeding and management of young cattle as well as the selection and assortative mating of cows.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2013年第8期3426-3428,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
荷斯坦奶牛
生长发育
体尺测量
体态特征
Holstein cows
Growth and development
Body size measurement
Body characteristics
