摘要
目的掌握河北省碘缺乏病病情和人群碘营养状况，评价食盐加碘干预效果。方法2011年，采用按人口比例概率抽样方法（PPS），在河北省选择30个县（市、区），每县（市、区）选择l所小学，每所小学选取40名8～lO岁儿童．B超法检测甲状腺．并采集家中盐样检测盐碘；从40名8～lO岁儿童中抽取12名，检测尿碘水平。在小学校附近，选择3个乡（镇、街道办事处），每个乡（镇、街道办事处）抽取孕妇和哺乳妇女各5人检测尿碘。结果采集盐样1204份，盐碘中位数为29．3mg／kg，合格碘盐食用率为90．03％（1084／1204）。采集8～10岁儿童尿样379份，尿碘中位数为216．9μg／L，其中男、女儿童尿样分别为201、178份，男性儿童的尿碘中位数（228．4μg／L）高于女性（196．6μg／L，U=14923．5，P〈0．05）。B超法检查1204名8～10岁儿童甲状腺，肿大率为2．82％（34／1204）。检出甲状腺结节性肿大18例，检出率为1．50％（18／1204）。8、9、10岁年龄组甲状腺结节检出率分别为0．57％（2／352）、0．89％（4／448）、2．97％（12／404），检出率组间比较差异有统计学意义（X2=9．13，P〈0．05）。孕妇尿样440份，尿碘中位数为159．5μg／L。哺乳期妇女尿样461份，尿碘中位数为157．0μg／L。结论河北省8．10岁儿童的碘营养处于较适宜水平，孕妇和哺乳期妇女的碘营养处于适宜水平，儿童甲状腺肿大率在国家规定的标准以下。碘缺乏病得到持续有效控制。
Objective To find out the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） and population＇s iodine nutritional status, and to evaluate the intervention effect of iodized salt. Methods In 2011, by using two- stage probability proportionate to size sampling （PPS） technique, 30 counties in Hebei Province were selected, and one school was chosen from each county. In each county selected, 40 children aged 8 - 10 were chosen to measure their thyroid volumes and collect salt samples from their homes for determination of iodine content. Twelve were selected out of the 40 children to detect their urinary iodine content. In the meantime, 3 townships （town, street offices） were selected near the school, and 5 pregnant and 5 lactating women were chosen, respectively, to detect their urinary iodine content. Results The median salt iodine of the 1204 household salt samples was 29.3 mg/kg, with consumed rate of eligible iodized salt being 90.03% （1084/1204）. A total of 379 spot urinary samples of children aged 8 - 10 were collected and measured, and their median urinary iodine（MUI） was 216.9 μg/L. Urine samples collected from boys and girls were 201 and 178, respectively. Boys＇ MUI（228.4 μg/L） was significantly higher than that of girls（196.6μg/L, U = 14 923.5, P 〈 0.05）. The goiter rate of 1204 children aged 8 - 10 by ultrasound was 2.82% （34/1204）. Eighteen thyroid nodular cases were identified by ultrasound in these children, accounting for 1.50%（18/1204）. The nodular prevalence in 8, 9, and 10 year groups was 0.57%（2/352）, 0.89% （4/448） and 2.97% （12/404）, respectively, with significant difference （X2 = 9.13, P 〈 0.05 ）. The MUI of 440 spot urine samples collected from pregnant women was 159.5 μg/L, and it was 157.0 μg/L in the 461 spot urine samples collected from lactating women. Conclusions The iodine nutrition in children aged 8 - 10 in Hebei Province is a little more than adequate. The iodine nutrition in pregnant and lactating women is adequate. Children＇s goiter rate is under the national standard. Sustainable elimination of IDD is achieved in Hebei Province.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期281-283,共3页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2011）
关键词
碘
盐类
尿
营养
甲状腺肿
Iodine
Salts
Urine
Nutrition
Goiter
