摘要
龙眼拟茎点霉（Phomopsis longanae Chi）是导致采后龙眼果实腐烂的主要病原菌,研究了温度、湿度、pH值、光照、营养、越冬越夏等条件对龙眼拟茎点霉菌丝生长、产孢和孢子萌发的影响。结果表明：龙眼拟茎点霉生长适温为25℃,最适pH6~7;产生子座的最适温度为22~25℃,最适pH6,还需要一定的光照;以蔗糖、葡萄糖、可溶性淀粉和D-果糖为碳源和以蛋白胨、硫酸铵和硝酸铵为氮源的培养基最有利于龙眼拟茎点霉的生长发育;分生孢子的大量萌发要求高湿度和营养刺激,最适萌发温度25~28℃,最适pH6~7,在分生孢子器中,分生孢子的存活时间长于1年;该菌菌丝的致死温度为59℃（10 min）,分生孢子为50℃（10 min）。
Phomopsis longanae Chi is a chief pathogen causing rotten disease of harvested longan fruit.The morphological character and the symptom of diseased fruit were observed,and the effects of temperature,humidity,pH,light,nutrition,over-wintering and over-summering on mycelial growth,yield of sporodochium and conidial germination of P.longanae Chi were also investigated.The results were as follows：for the mycelial growth of P.longanae Chi,the optimum temperature was 25 ℃,the optimum pH was 6 -7,and light was needed for the production of sporodochium and conidiopore of P.longanae;For the production of sporodochium of P.longanae Chi,the optimum temperature was 22 -25 ℃,the optimum pH was 6;the fungi grew best and produced more sporodochium in sucrose,glucose,soluble amylum and D-fructose as the carbon source;among nitrogen sources,peptone,（NH4）2SO4 and NH4NO3 were the best;high relative humidity（96%） and stimulation of nutrition were needed for the conidial germination of P.longanae,the optimum temperature was 25-28 ℃,and the optimum pH was 6-7;in the pycnidia of P.longanae Chi,the conidial could live more than one year;the lethal temperature of the mycelium was 59 ℃ for 10 min,while the lethal temperature of the conidiopore was 50 ℃ for 10 min.
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期695-699,共5页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31171776
No.31201445)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(No.20123515120016)
福建省自然科学基金项目(No.B0510019
No.2012J05040)
关键词
龙眼
龙眼拟茎点霉
生物学特性
Longan（Dimocarpus longan Lour.）
Phomopsis longanae Chi
Biological characteristic
