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Speech Acts and the Truth-Conditional Analysis of Temporal Expressions

Speech Acts and the Truth-Conditional Analysis of Temporal Expressions
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摘要 Truth-conditional approaches to tense and other temporal expressions have relied on both linear-time and branching-time frameworks as needed. However, in the truth-conditional enterprise generally, it seems advisable to settle on a single depiction of time. Linear time is the simpler framework, and branching time faces difficulties for which we seem to have no immediate solutions. This paper defends the applicability of linear time. The apparent branching of time results from the use of speech acts other than factual assertion. Truth in correspondence with specific conditions is relevant when making factual assertions. However, we are in no epistemic position to advance factual assertions about the future, but only suppositions and predictions. For these, the truth-conditional content is employed differently. For suppositions and predictions, we only "pretend" to reference things, to assert facts, and to accept them as "true." There is a wide array of alternatives about what we can suppose or predict, giving the impression of branching options. Suppositions and predictions under active consideration are often marked with present tense, whereas those that are inactive (not presently under active consideration but nonetheless relevant) are often marked with past tense.
出处 《Journal of Philosophy Study》 2013年第2期97-112,共16页 哲学研究(英文版)
关键词 English language (modern) SEMANTICS imperfective paradox non-factual before TENSE aspect application of truth-conditional semantics 线性时间 言语行为 真值 表达式 表达方法 预测 适用性 断言
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