摘要
目的了解2006～2011年广东省深圳市宝安区中小学水痘暴发疫情的流行病学特征及规律,为水痘预防控制工作提供科学参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2006～2011年宝安区报告的中小学水痘暴发疫情资料及数据进行分析。结果 2006～2011年深圳市宝安区中小学水痘暴发疫情31起,累计发病774例,无死亡病例,累计罹患率3.43%;暴发疫情规模最少为5例,最多为143例,病例数<50例的疫情27起,占87.10%;暴发时间主要集中在3～5月,占71.58%;新安街道为暴发水痘病例最多的街道;罹患率男性为3.74%,女性为3.02%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.724,P<0.01);小学低年级(一年级～三年级)水痘暴发588例,占75.97%;水痘暴发疫情病例报告平均为8例(中位数)。结论 2006～2011年广东省深圳市宝安区报告的中小学水痘暴发疫情有逐年减少趋势,水痘暴发疫情防控较理想,控制水痘暴发的重点是小学低年级学生,必须采取有针对性的措施,完善水痘疫情报告制度和监测,落实传染源隔离、对易感人群应急接种、消毒等措施是预防水痘暴发的重要措施。
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics and regularity of varicella outbreaks among primary and middle schools in Bao′an District of Shenzhen,2006-2011,and provide the scientific evidence for the prevention and control of varicella.Methods The reported data of varicella outbreaks among primary and middle schools in Bao′an District during 2006-2011 was analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results There were 31 varicella outbreaks involving 774 cases（without death） occurred in primary and middle schools in Bao′an District during 2006-2011.The total accumulative attack rate was 3.43%.The number of cases in an outbreak ranged from 5 to 143.The outbreaks with cases less than 50 took up 87.10% of the whole outbreaks totally.The incidence concentrated in March to May（71.58%）.Xin′an Street got the most cases.The difference in the prevalence between male（3.74%） and female（3.02%） was statistically significant（χ2=8.724,P 0.01）.There were 558（75.97%） varicella cases occurred in early years in primary school（Grade 1-Garde 3）.Varicella outbreaks reported an average of 8 cases（median）.Conclusions The varicella outbreaks among primary and middle schools reported in Bao′an district during 2006 to 2011 show downward trend year by year.The early year-old of primary school students are target population in varicella outbreaks controlling.Specific measures should be taken to improve the reporting system and performance of varicella surveillance.Isolating the source of infection,emergency vaccination of susceptible populations,and disinfection are important measures to prevent the outbreak of varicella.
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2013年第2期36-39,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
水痘
暴发
学生
流行病学特征
Varicella
Outbreaks
Student
Epidemiological characteristics
