摘要
目的探讨孕期各阶段体质量增长情况及其他危险因素对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发病的影响。方法妊娠期GDM患者332例(GDM组),年龄(28.1±4.1)岁(20～38岁);血糖代谢正常的孕妇476例(对照组),年龄(26.8±5.3)岁(19～37岁)。通过问卷调查及整理医院的检测报告收集2组患者的一般资料,并行相关统计学分析。结果 (1)GDM组年龄及孕前超质量率均高于对照组,差别有统计学意义(均为P<0.01);(2)孕20～28周,<35岁的各年龄组孕妇中,GDM组的体质量增长值均高于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);在孕20周前体质量增长及孕期体质量总增长方面,25～29及30～34岁的孕妇中,GDM组均高于对照组,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)年龄越大(OR=2.559,β=0.940,P=0.001)、孕28周前体质量增长越多(OR=2.421,β=0.884,P=0.002)、孕20周前空腹血糖值越高(OR=1.707,β=0.535,P=0.002)是妊娠期GDM发病的危险因素,其中年龄对GDM的影响最大。结论 (1)孕28周前体质量增长值控制在12kg以内能降低GDM的发病风险;(2)对于>35岁的高龄孕妇应及早控制饮食,以降低患GDM的风险。
Objective To discuss the effect of the growths of the bodyweight and other risk fac tors those had affect on the occurrence of the gestational diabetes mellitus. Method We collected 332 pregnant women whom were diagnosed to be GDM and 476 pregnant women as the control group in the Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital during 2010-2012. We retrospectively recorded their growth of bodyweight in the different periods of the pregnancy and investigated their basic data. Result （]）The age of the GDM group was （28.1±4.1）, that was elder than the normal group（26.8＋5.3）, （t=5.808, P=0. 001）, the ratio of the overweight pregnant women in the GDM group was 12.95% ,higher than the ratio of the normal group which was 5.04 % （Z2 = 25. 536, P = 0. 001） ; （2）After stratifying on age, below 35 years old,the bodyweight gain in GDM group was larger than the normal group during the 20th to 28th week; the age between 25～35, the bodyweight gain in GDM group was larger than the normal group during the period before 20^th week and the whole pregnancy. （3） The elder age （0R=2. 559,β=0. 940,P= 0. 001） , the higher level o{ the fasting plasma glucose before 20th week（OR = 1. 707 ,β=0. 535, P= 0. 002）, the more bodyweight gain before 28^th week（OR= 2. 421,β=0. 884,P=0. 002）were the risk factors of the GDM, what＇s more, the age was the most important risk factor. Conclusion （1）All of the elder age, the higher BMI before pregnancy, the higher level of the fasting plasma glucose and the more growth of the bodyweight were the risk factors of the GDM; （2） If the pregnant women can control the growth of the bodyweight below 12 kg before 28th week, that may reduce the risk of the occurrence of GDM; （3）Because of the most attennon to important risk factor（the age） the dietary in order to reduce ,the pregnant women whom the risk of the occurrence of were over 35 years old should pay GDM.
出处
《福建医科大学学报》
2013年第1期54-57,共4页
Journal of Fujian Medical University
