摘要
刨煤机在工作过程中断链事故经常发生,是影响其生产率的主要因素之一。刨煤机主要通过回转接头来抵消刨链产生的扭矩以防止扭链现象发生,为刨链的易损部件。以虚拟样机技术为基础,解决了载荷提取、材料模型建立、合理添加接触、网格细化等关键技术。在动力学仿真软件ADAMS中对刨煤机进行建模及仿真,得到作用在刨链回转接头上载荷的极值和均值;基于Workbench构建刨链回转接头的仿真模型,并基于两组载荷对模型进行仿真研究。研究发现:在最大载荷作用下,衬套、右挂环可靠性不高;右挂环啮合螺栓段及退刀槽处可能在受到瞬时恶劣载荷冲击时发生断裂,垫环内外圈易发生磨损;在均值载荷作用下,各零件主应力都在许用应力范围内,强度满足设计要求;对刨头运行前方刨链拉力曲线进行频域分析,得知刨头运行前方刨链拉力曲线为一个宽平稳随机信号,其特性主要由煤层各向异性导致的随机刨削力决定。刨链回转接头前两阶模态的固有频率较小,与牵引电机的最大输出频率接近,为易激发模态。研究结果与刨煤机井下试运行的结果基本一致,可见该方法具有较高的准确性,能满足工程实践的要求。
The chain rupture accident frequently occurred when coal plow is working, it became the main factor affecting coal plow＇s productivity. The swivel joint of coal plow resists the torque, which is produced by plow chain, to prevent chain torsion phenomenon. It＇s the vulnerable part of plow chain. Based on virtual prototyping technology, the problems of load extraction, material modeling, adding rational contact and reasonable refinement of the grid and other technical problems have been solved. The mean loads and extreme loads acted on swivel joint have been generated in dynamics simulation software ADAMS. Based on Workbench the plow chain swivel joints simulation model has been built, the simulation has been done under extreme load and mean load, research found that： Under the extreme loads, the bush and the right hanging ring are in poor reliability, the right hanging ring bolts and tool escape section may be broken under the impact of harsh loads, inside and outside of the washer is easy to worn during the work process; Under the average load, the mises stress of every parts are within the allowable region, and the strengths meet the design requirements; Take a frequency domain analysis for the front plow head chain tension curve, the conclusion of the chain tension curve iension curre can got, which is a wide stotim, which is a wide stationary random signal, its characteristics mainly depended on the random plowing force cased by the coal anisotropy. The first two-order natural frequencies of the plow chain swivel joint are small; they are closed to traction motor＇s maximum output frequency. They are easily excited modes. The research results are consistent to results of plow＇s underground test ; this method has great accuracy, which can satisfy the requirement of engineering practice.
出处
《机械设计与研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期118-122,130,共6页
Machine Design And Research
基金
中国煤炭工业科技计划资助项目(MTKJ2009-264)
