摘要
【目的】将玉米秸秆、猪粪和沙子按一定体积比混合,筛选适合沙地番茄的无土栽培基质。【方法】以"金鹏一号"番茄为试材,设T1(V(玉米秸秆)∶V(猪粪)∶V(沙子)=2∶3∶5)、T2(V(玉米秸秆)∶V(猪粪)∶V(沙子)=3∶2∶5)和T3(V(猪粪)∶V(沙子)=2∶3)3个配方基质,以CK1(纯沙)和CK2(纯土)为对照,探讨不同基质的理化性质及其对番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响。【结果】添加玉米秸秆和猪粪有效改善了栽培基质的理化性质,且以T2基质的改善效果最好,用其栽培番茄的单株产量较CK1和CK2分别提高了69.51%和43.29%;其次为T1,较CK1和CK2分别提高42.65%和20.61%;T3较CK1和CK2分别提高38.41%和17.01%。3个配方基质的番茄植株生长健壮,株高、茎粗、干质量、叶长、叶宽、叶绿素含量、净光合速率与2个对照相比均有所提高,果实品质得到了改善。【结论】综合考虑各指标认为,玉米秸秆、猪粪和沙子按3∶2∶5的体积比混合,是最适宜的沙地日光温室番茄的无土栽培基质。
【Objective】 This study selected the proper soilless substrate for sand land tomato using mixture of pig dung,maize straw and sand.【Method】 The No.1 Jinpeng Tomato species was selected as the experimental material and three treatments T1（V（maize straw）∶V（pig dung）∶V（sand）=2∶3∶5）,T2（V（maize straw）∶V（pig dung）∶V（sand）=3∶2∶5） and T3（V（pig dung）∶V（sand）=2∶3） as treatments,and two controls CK1（sand） and CK2（soil） were used to study physical and chemical properties of these substrates and their influence on growth and development,production and quality of tomato.【Result】 Adding pig dung and maize straw to sand improved the physical and chemical properties of sand substrate effectively.The T2 substrate was the best and improved the production of tomato by 69.51% and 43.29% comparing to CK1 and CK2,respectively,followed by T1 with 42.65% and 20.61% increased yields comparing to CK1 and CK2.T3 increased the production of tomato by 38.41% and 17.01% contrast to CK1 and CK2,respectively.Compared with the CK1 and CK2,the physical and chemical properties of these substrates and the plants height,stem diameter,leaf length,leaf width,the dry mass,the content of chlorophyll and the rate of photosynthesis of tomato all improved.The quality of tomato also improved.【Conclusion】 Considering all the factors,the treatment T2（V（maize straw）∶V（pig dung）∶V（sand）=3∶2∶5） is the most suitable substrate to the sand land tomato cultivation.
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期147-152,共6页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CAR-25)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项"适合西北非耕地园艺作物栽培的温室结构与建造技术研究与产业化示范"(201203002)
关键词
番茄
沙土
无土栽培
栽培基质
生长发育
tomato
sandy soil
soilless cultivation
culture substrate
growth and development
