摘要
目的探讨家属参与健康教育在院前压疮患者管理中的应用效果。方法将110例院前压疮患者随机分为研究组与对照组各55例，对照组使用常规教育方法，对患者家属进行入院宣教、出院指导等；研究组在常规教育的基础上，采取家属直接参与护理过程及出院随访教育模式。干预时间均为3个月，观察两组患者干预前及干预3个月后患者及家属对压疮基本知识、护理技能掌握情况以及压疮再次发生情况。结果干预3个月后，研究组患者家属压疮基本知识、定时翻身、皮肤护理方法、体位摆放、表面支撑物品使用、饮食护理知识掌握情况均优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（u=5．6125，P〈0．05）。干预前，研究组发生Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ期压疮者分别为4，22，19，10例，对照组分别为6，24，16，9例，两组比较差异无统计学意义（u=0．7967，P〉0．05）；干预3个月后，研究组发生0，Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ期压疮者分别为45，4，5，1，0例，对照组分别为12，12，19，10，2例，两组比较差异有统计学意义（u=1．8526，P〈0．05）。结论家属直接参与护理过程及出院随访的教育方式更有利于家属及患者掌握压疮基本知识、预防压疮的护理技能，减少院前压疮复发。
Objective To discuss the effect of the family-nurse health education on the management of patients with pre-hospital pressure sores. Methods A total of 110 pre-hospital pressure sores patients were randomly divided into control group （ n = 55 ） and treatment group （ n = 55 ）. Families of the treatment group participated directly in the nursing processes and the follow-up health education on the basis of regular education, while patients of the control group received regular education and their families received admission education and discharge instructions etc. The intervention lasted for three months, and the changes of both the patients and their families＇ mastery of rudiments of pressure sore, their nursing skills and the re-occurrence of pressure sore were observed. Results No significant difference was found in the cases of different level of pressure sore before the intervention between treatment group and control group（ Ⅰ ：4 vs 6, Ⅱ ：22 vs 24, Ⅲ：19 vs 16,Ⅳ： 10 vs 9 ; u = 0. 796 7,P 〉 0. 05 ）. After the intervention, patients and their families＇ awareness rate of rudiments of pressure sore and of relevant nursing skills etc. in treatment group was better than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant （ u = 5. 612 5, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The reoccurrence rate of pressure sore of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group （no reoccurred ：45 vs 12, 1：4 vs 12, 11：5 vs 19, Ⅲ ： 1 vs 10, Ⅳ ：0 vs 2 ;u = 1. 852 6, P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions The family-nurse health education for the patients with pre-hospital pressure sore during the nursing process and follow-up education is more helpful for the families to grasp the rudiments of pressure sore and the nursing sills that can prevent the occurrence of pressure sore, thus lowering the reoccurrence rate of pressure sore.
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2013年第15期1800-1804,共5页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
健康教育
家属
压疮
院前压疮
Health education
Family
Pressure sores
Pre-hospital pressure sores
