摘要
L-酪氨酸属于芳香氨基酸,广泛应用于食品、医药以及化工等领域。由于天然微生物合成积累L-酪氨酸的能力很低,近几年利用代谢工程的方法进行途径改造和全局代谢途径优化取得了显著成效。解除反馈抑制、增加前体供应、阻断竞争途径以及调控转运等代谢改造策略非常有效地提高了L-酪氨酸的产量。而模块化工程、全局转录装置工程、小RNA工程等新技术使L-酪氨酸产量更上一个水平。L-酪氨酸代谢途径是多基因和多调控方式协同控制的复杂代谢网络,随着生物技术的发展,重新合理设计、人工合成和全局优化将是未来L-酪氨酸代谢工程发展的方向。
L-tyrosine,one of the aromatic amino acids,is widely used in food,pharmaceutical and chemical fields.Due to the low ability to accumulate L-tyrosine in natural microbes,the usage of metabolic engineering to modify and optimize global L-tyrosine metabolic pathways has made remarkable achievements in recent years.Several metabolic engineering strategies like removing feedback inhibition,increasing the supply of precursors,blocking competed pathway and regulating the transport system are very effective to improve the yield of L-tyrosine.Moreover,some new technologies such as modular engineering,global transcription machinery engineering and small RNA engineering have raised the L-tyrosine production to a higher level.Metabolic pathway of L-tyrosine in E.coli is a complex metabolic network coordinately controlled by multi-genes and multi-regulations.With the development of biotechnology,re-rational design,artificial synthesis and global optimization is the future development direction of the L-tyrosine metabolic engineering.
出处
《食品与发酵工业》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期132-137,共6页
Food and Fermentation Industries
基金
国家高技术发展计划(863计划)项目(No.2012AA02A701)
天津市自然科学基金重点项目(13JCZDJC27600)
关键词
代谢工程
酪氨酸
途径优化
大肠杆菌
metabolic engineering
L-tyrosine
pathway optimization
E.coli
