摘要
确定疏散人员、火灾大小、烟气流动模型、疏散速度、分析测点等参数设置,采用FDS火灾分析软件对典型教学楼的火灾进行模拟,分析研究温度、能见度、烟气层高度、CO浓度、CO2浓度、人员疏散情况的变化规律,结果表明:随着测点和火源中心距离的减小,温度、CO浓度、CO2浓度增加,能见度、烟气层高度降低;随着层数的增加,温度、能见度、人员疏散速度逐渐增大,烟气层高度、CO浓度、CO2浓度逐渐减小;温度、能见度、烟气层高度对人员疏散起决定性作用,CO浓度、CO2浓度对人员疏散的影响不大;各层人员疏散速度在100s时迅速下降,但各层人员疏散在250s内疏散基本完成;1层疏散人员数量先下降,再升高,再降低,在130s左右,1层疏散人员数量达到最大;教学楼人员应在580s内完成疏散,并尽可能向教学楼南侧疏散,教学楼火灾数值分析为消防设施的设置和疏散路线的选择提供理论指导。
After determining the parameters of the evacuation, the size of the fire, smoke model, evacuation speed and measuring point, this paper simulates the fire scene of a typical teaching building using the fire analysis software FDS, analyzes and studies the change of temperature, visibility, the height of smoke layer, CO concentration, CO2 concentration and evacuation situations. The results show that：with the distance decreases between the measuring points and the fire center, the temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration increase, the visibility and the height of smoke layer decreases;with the increase of layers of teaching building, the temperature, visibility and evacuation velocity increase, the height of smoke layer, CO concentration and CO2 concentration decreases gradually; the parameters of tempera- ture, visibility and the height of smoke layer play a decisive role for evacuation, but the parameters of CO concentration and COzconcentration has little effect on the evacuation; the evacuation speed of each layer decreases rapidly in the 100s, but the evacuation basically completes within 250s; the number of evacuation of 1 layers decreases first, then increases, and then decreases, the number of evacuation of 1 layers reaches the maximum at about 130s; the personnel of teaching building shall complete evacuation in 580s, and as far as possible evacuate to the south of the teaching building. Numerical analysis of the teaching building fire provide theoretical guidance for the fire fighting facilities and evacuation route choice.
出处
《西安科技大学学报》
CAS
2013年第4期404-410,共7页
Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology
基金
教育厅科研项目(B2013004)
关键词
建筑消防
火灾
性能指标
数值分析
structural fire protection
fire
performance index
numerical analysis
