摘要
水解性聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)被广泛应用于油田生产。与物理化学方法相比,生物法降解HPAM不会产生危害周围神经系统的丙烯酰胺单体。利用实验室保藏的菌种降解含聚污水,以原油作为碳源,通过单因素试验和正交试验,考察了氮源、磷源、活化次数、接种量、温度、矿化度、pH值、降解时间等因素对降解率的影响。结果表明,HPAM生物降解的最佳工艺条件如下:以含聚污水中的HPAM为氮源,无需外加氮源,以K2HPO4为磷源,细菌活化2次,降解时间为3 d,pH=7,接种量为5%,培养温度为35℃,矿化度为4 000 mg/L。在上述条件下,HPAM降解率为62.1%。极差分析表明,氮源、降解时间、pH值、活化次数、接种量和矿化度是影响降解率的重要因素。通过红外光谱分析HPAM的生物降解产物,HPAM分子中的酰胺基在微生物的作用下转化为羧基。
The paper takes it as the goal to test and find the optimal conditions for degrading HPAM-containing sewage by using the mixed bacteria.As a matter of fact,the HPAM,short for the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide,a linear water-soluble polymeric compound with high molecular weight,has been broadly used for oil production in China.As compared with the physico-chemical degradation of HPAM,there is no acrylamide monomer that can cause peripheral neuropathy released from the process of biodegradation.In our experiments,we have found that there are five kinds of HPAM-degrading bacteria,known as X1,X2,X3,X4 and H3,all of which demonstrate a strong ability to degrade HPAM which we keep in stock in our laboratory.In proceeding with our study,we have carefully studied the influential factors for degrading HPAM-containing sewage of the mixed bacteria.At the same time,we have also investigated the effects of nitrogen source,phosphorus source,the time length of the experiments,the inoculation amount,temperature,mineralization rate,the initial pH and activation time on the degradation of HAPM-containing sewage by using the crude oil as the carbon source through the single factor experiment and orthogonal test.The results of our investigation and experiments indicate that the optimal conditions for the degradation can be stated as follows：（1） HPAM can be made to serve as the nitrogen source;and,（2） K2HPO4 as the phosphorus source,the activation of the microorganisms should be done twice;（3） The culture time should last 3 days;（4） The initial pH should be 7;（5） The inoculums size should be kept at 5%（V/V）;（6） The culturing temperature should be kept at 35 ℃;（7） The mineralization rate should be 4 000 mg/L;（8） Under the above said conditions,the HPAM-degradation rate can be made as high as up to 62.1%.Besides,the variance analysis results prove that the main factors affecting HPAM degradation are the nitrogen sources,the experimental time length,the pH value,the activation time,the inoculation amount and the mineralization rate.And,finally,we have analyzed the FT-IR spectra of HPAM samples in hoping to find the changes in HPAM molecular structure before and after the biodegradation.Moreover,FT-IR analysis indicates that the amide group has degraded into a carboxyl group.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期14-18,共5页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家863计划项目(2008AA06Z304)
关键词
环境工程学
含聚污水
混合菌
正交试验
environmental engineering
HAPM-containing wastewater
mixed bacteria
orthogonal test
