摘要
为探讨用土壤酶表征重金属污染程度的可行性,采用野外调查与室内分析的方法,对衡阳常宁市水口山铅锌矿区土壤中Cd、Zn、Pb质量比及土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、脱氢酶和蔗糖酶4种酶活性进行测定。结果表明,供试土壤的Cd、Zn、Pb质量比均高于湖南省土壤背景值,最高值分别为GB 15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》三级标准值的34.48、5.04、2.84倍,综合污染指数最大达26.16。多元回归分析表明,矿区土壤脱氢酶活性与重金属元素质量比之间呈极显著相关(p<0.01),而单一脲酶、酸性磷酸酶活性与重金属元素质量比呈显著相关(p<0.05)。聚类分析表明,以土壤总体酶活性指标对各样本进行的空间分类结果和以重金属综合污染指数为依据的划分结果一致。可见,用简单的土壤总体酶活性指标来表征矿区重金属综合污染状况是可行的。
The paper is to present the results of our field investigation of the impact of heavy-metal resulted pollution on the soil enzyme activities by taking the lead/zinc mining area of Changning（affiliated to Hengyang City,Hunan） as our case study.For our study purpose,we have done the field investigation as well as the indoor analysis,and worked out the actual heavy metal pollution to the soil enzyme,such as the pollution of cadmium（Cd）,zinc（Zn）,lead（Pb）,and the enzyme activities（soil urease,acid phosphatase,dehydrogenase and sucrase） of the area.The results of our investigation and analysis indicate that the tested soils are heavily subject to the pollution of Cd,Zn,Pb in different degrees,especially of Cd.The concentrations of Cd,Zn and Pb content in the soil were found up to 34.48 mg/kg,2 521.18 mg/kg,1 208.98 mg/kg,which were accounted to be higher than those of the background value in tested soil.The above mentioned heavy metal pollution degrees were considered to be rather serious in the tested mining areas,with the highest concentrations of Cd,Zn and Pb in the fourteen tested soil samples,which were worked out at about 34.48,5.04,and 2.84 times as high as that stipulated in the State Environmental Quality Standard for Soils（GB 15618—1995）（Grade Ⅲ）,respectively.The heaviest combined pollution index is found up to 26.16.At the same time,the multivariate regression analysis indicates that,the soil dehydrogenase activities were significantly correlated with the combined effects of several heavy metals（p0.01）,the correlation coefficients standing between dehydrogenase activities and concentrations of Cd,Zn,Pb were-0.433,-0.341,-0.167,respectively.Moreover,the single urease or acid phosphatase activities are also significantly related to the combined effects of the heavy metals（p0.05）.The correlation coefficients between urease activities and concentrations of Cd,Zn,Pb are registered as-0.433,-0.341,-0.167.And,the acid phosphatase activities are recorded as-0.337,-0.790,1.198.The results of cluster analyses show that they were exactly the same of spatial classification of soil total enzyme activities and the classification results of heavy metals combined pollution indices.And,in conclusion,it can be said that there exists an exactly negative correlation between the total enzyme activity indices and heavy-metal combined pollution indices in the tested soils（p0.01）.Therefore,the research method proves to be feasible as the simple total enzyme activity index as a biochemical indicator of heavy metal pollution in the soil.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期147-150,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家环保部公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201009047)
湖南省科技计划项目(2012NK3111)
湖南省重点学科建设项目(2006180)
湖南省土水污染控制与资源化技术重点实验室资助项目
关键词
生态学
铅锌矿区土壤
重金属污染
土壤酶活性
总体酶活性指标
ecology
soil from lead zinc mining area
heavy metal pollution
soil enzyme activity
total enzyme activity index
