摘要
目的了解影响涂阳结核病人密切接触者结核病筛查的因素,为进一步提高密切接触者结核病筛查率提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对412例涂阳肺结核病人密切接触者进行问卷调查和宣传教育。结果 412例调查对象的平均年龄为(40.10±18.32)岁,其中,已接受结核病检查的有277例,占67.23%;未接受检查的有135例,占32.77%。接触者家中病人痰检结果、就诊去向和结核病免费政策的知晓等因素影响结核病筛查,差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);接触者接受结核病知识途径主要为通过亲友聊天,占77.18%;接触者未检查的原因主要为不在乎,占51.10%;到县结核病门诊接受检查的密切接触者3个痰标本检查率为2.89%。结论加强对涂阳病人家庭密切接触者结核病高危人群的监测,有助于提高涂阳病人的发现率。对密切接触者开展特定结核病知识宣传是提高结核病筛查率的有效措施。加强学校的结核病相关知识的宣传,是提高健康宣传效果的重要措施。
Objective To study factors associated with screening results of pulmonary tuberculosis （TB） among close contacts of smear-positive pulmonary TB patients, to improve the screening rate of close contacts of pulmonary TB pa- tients and to improve the detection ability of pulmonary TB. Methods A total of 412 close contacts of smear-positive pul- monary TB cases were selected through a stratified cluster sampling method and were asked to receive questionnaires and health education. Results The average age of 412 participates was 40. 10±18.32, of whom 277（67.23% ） had received TB test and 135 （32.77%） had not. Sputum detection results of patients who were the members of the close contacts＇ fam- ily, treatment whereabouts and awareness about TB free police were also the significant factors influencing TB screening. 77.18 % close contacts of TB cases learned TB knowledge by relatives and friends chat. The main reason for close contacts who did not receive the check was they do not care, accounting for 51.10 %. Inspection rate of three sputum specimens was 2. 89 % among close contacts to the county TB clinic. Conclusions We should strengthen the monitoring of close contacts of smear-positive patients, in order to help improve the detection rate of smear-positive patients. Besides, strength- ening the publicity of specific TB knowledge such as treatment whereabouts of the close contacts of TB, the national policy of TB and the significance of smear results were effective measures to improve the rate of TB screening. To strengthen the publicity of the TB-related knowledge among students was important measures to improve the effect of health promotion.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第1期48-50,共3页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
第四轮中国全球基金结核病项目(CHN-405-G04-T)
关键词
结核
肺
预防卫生服务
接触者追踪
Tuberculosis
Preventive health services
Contact tracing
