摘要
为了寻找植源性杀线虫活性材料,利用Bursaphelenchus xyluplilus和Meloidogyne incognita作为室内离体生测目标,测定了油茶籽饼等植物材料的杀线活性,以及茶皂素制剂和油茶籽饼对作物根结线虫的盆栽和大田防效。结果表明,油茶籽饼、茶果皮和茶籽粗提物均具有较强的杀线活性,当粗提物浓度为10 mg·mL-1,作用72 h,B.xyluplilus校正死亡率分别为90%、100%和100%;作用48 h,油茶籽饼和茶籽粗提物对M.incognita达到中强杀线活性,其毒力有明显浓度效应;茶皂素制剂对番茄根结线虫病有良好盆栽防效,用茶皂素(有效含量)1.5和0.75 g·kg-1处理盆土30 d后,番茄的根结和M.incognita 2龄幼虫(Juvenile 2,J2)均下降,对番茄苗期生物量有明显的增加。在瓜蒌出苗前1周,沟施油茶籽饼,用量2.5 t·hm-2时对大田瓜蒌根结线虫病有较好的防效,显著抑制土壤中J2的增殖,对瓜蒌的挂果数和果径有一定的增加。该文首次报道油茶副产物对作物线虫病害的盆栽和田间防效,为直接利用油茶籽饼或茶籽等防治作物的根结线虫病害提供了依据。
For the aim of screening nematicidal materials,Bursaphelenchus xyluplilus and Meloidogyne incognita were used as target in vitro bioassay to determined nematicidal activity of oil-tea cake and other plant materials;further control effects of tea-saponin preparations and oil-tea cake were assessed against root-knot nematode disease in pot experiment and field experiment,respectively.The results showed that plant extracts of oil-tea cake,tea-pericarp,and tea-seed reached strong nematocidal activity,inducing 90,100 and 100% mortality of B.xyluplilus respectively at 10 mg/ml after exposure for 72 h.Plant extracts of oil-tea cake and tea-seed reached medium-strong activity against M.incognita after exposure for 48 h.The effects of plant extracts concentrations on toxicity against B.xyluplilus were observed.The tea-saponin preparations obviously controlled tomato root-knot nematode disease in pot experiment,root gall,and M.incognita juvenile 2（J2） population were reduced;tomato biomass were increased obviously at 30 d after pot-soil treated with 1.5 g and 0.75 g（effective content） tea saponin per 1 kg soil at tomato seedling transplant.Oil-tea cake showed certain effect against root-knot nematode disease in field experiment applied by furrow application one week before Fructus Trichosanthis emergence,and the proliferation of J2 in soil was inhibited significantly 150 d later,while the fruit number and diameter were increased 180 d later after application.This paper reported the pot and field control effects of oil-tea vice products against plant nematodes for the first time.The results provide a basis for directly using oil tea and tea vice-products to the control of crop root-nematode disease.
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期642-648,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903040)资助
关键词
油茶
茶皂素
南方根结线虫
杀线活性
防效
Camellia oleifera
tea saponin
Meloidogyne incognita
nematicidal activity
control effect
