摘要
侵权请求权是被侵权人请求侵权人承担侵权责任的权利。侵权请求权的发生根据是侵权行为。侵权行为不同于违约行为和缔约过错行为,是违反一般法定义务侵害他人权益的不法行为。侵权请求权的主体只能是被侵权人,相对人只能是侵权人。侵权请求权为实体权、相对权、救济权。侵权请求权行使的结果为侵权人承担侵权责任。侵权责任的承担是通过债的方式实现的,但这种债的关系不同于合同之债等原债,在这两类债中债务人的义务性质是不同的。合同之债为原权利与义务关系,承担侵权责任的侵权之债为救济权与责任关系,责任不同于义务,为第二性义务。物权请求权等绝对权请求权为权利的效力,侵权请求权为对权利的救济方式。绝对权请求权与债权并非一个层面的请求权,请求权应分为原权请求权与救济权请求权。侵权请求权与物上请求权等绝对权请求权虽同为请求权,但性质不同。侵权请求权也是不能脱离原权而独立转让的请求权。
Tort claim is the right that the victim can claim the tortfeasor to bear the liability. Tort claim is based on tort. Tort is the wrongful act that breaches the general statutory duty which infringes the interests of others and dif- ferent from breach of contract and culpa in contrahendo. Tort claim is substantial right, relative right and right of relief. The result of exercising tort claim is that the tortfeasor holds liability. Tort liability is achieved by way of debt, but the debt is different from the original debt like contractual debt, the natures of the obligation in the two types of debts are different. The contractual debt is original relationship of right and obligation and the tort debt of tort liability is the relationship of right of relief and liability. Absolute rights to claim like claim of property right are the validities of right and tort claim is the remedy way of right. The claim of absolute right and debt right are not in the same level. Claim should be divided into claim of original right and claim of right of relief. Although tort claim and absolute right to claim are all belong to claim, the natures are different. Tort claim can not be transferred inde- pendent from the original right.
出处
《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第3期17-25,共9页
Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)
关键词
侵权请求权
救济权
责任
绝对权请求权
tort claim
right of relief
liability
claim of absolute right
