摘要
对浙江省衢州市和丽水市2个水改旱系列共8个土壤剖面理化性质的鉴定表明,水耕人为土返旱后土壤人为滞水水分状况消失,逐渐向潮湿或湿润水分状况转变;在水耕条件下形成的水耕表层(相当于耕作层与犁底层)和水耕氧化还原层(相当于渗育层和潴育层)的氧化还原特征也发生了相应的变化。返旱后,土壤全铁和游离氧化铁含量变化不大,但氧化铁的活性下降,土体坚实度增加,土色变浅,土壤趋向酸化,并促使犁底层以下土层中大柱状结构和大块状结构的形成。返旱后,土壤诊断特性也发生了较大的变化。由于水分条件的改变和水耕表层与水耕氧化还原层性质的变化,水改旱后土壤已不能满足水耕人为土诊断要求,也不同于相同母质发育并一直旱作(没有种植水稻的历史)的母土,成为新的土壤类型。
Two soil sequences of stagnic anthrosols with different history of land use, as well as consisting of four soil profiles, were collected respectively from Quzhou and Lishui City for studying the changes in genetic characteristics of stagnic anthrosols in hilly regions after transformation from paddy fields to upland. The land uses in each soil sequence included long-term paddy field, upland transformed from paddy field with different years, and long-term upland. The results showed that, several years after transformation from paddy fields to upland, anthrostagnic soil moisture regime in stagnic anthrosols disappeared, and turned into udic or aquic soil moisture regimes. Meanwhile, redox features of anthrostagnic epipedon and hydragric horizon formed under former anthrostagnic cultivation were also altered. After transformation from paddy fields to upland, activity of iron oxides in the soils decreased, degree of compaction and acidification of the soil increased, and soil color tended to light. The transformation of land use promoted the formation of massive columnar and blocky pads. But it did not affect the contents of total and free iron oxides in the soils and their profile distribution patterns. The transformation of land use also changed the some diagnostic characteristics. Because of the changes in soil moisture regime and redox features of anthrostagnic epipedon and hydragric horizon, the soils after transformation of paddy field to upland could not meet the diagnostic requirements for stagnic anthrosols. The soils developed toward new soil types.
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期786-792,共7页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41071145)
国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2008FY110600)资助
关键词
水耕人为土
水改旱
发生学性质
土壤类型
变化
Stagnic anthrosols
Transformation of paddy field to upland
Genetic characteristics
Soil type
Alteration
