摘要
采用X射线荧光光谱（XRF）方法，分析测定雪莲果、红薯及马铃薯的化学元素组成，研究其营养价值。雪莲果、红薯和马铃薯干物质中，碳元素含量约占40％，不仅显示出相似的碳元素含量是雪莲果、红薯和马铃薯属于薯类物种的共性，而且也说明它们属于低热食品。雪莲果、红薯和马铃薯干物质中，氮含量比较大，即蛋白质含量高，特别是马铃薯干物质中蛋白质含量与小米的蛋白质含量相当。而在雪莲果干物质中，因为氧含量大（47．88％），含糖量最高，所以雪莲果在粮食食物中最甜。马铃薯、红薯和雪莲果中金属元素占干物质比率分别达到3．75％，2．64％和2．50％，不仅大于一般粮食中金属元素含量0．2％－0．5％，而且也大于黄豆中金属元素含量2．42％。特别是在马铃薯、红薯和雪莲果中K、Fe、Ca、Mg、Mn和cu元素含量都很高，从微量元素性质上显示，它们的营养价值与黄豆相似。因此，研究结果表明马铃薯、红薯和雪莲果具有高蛋白质含量、低碳含量、高微量元素含量及高糖含量等特性，都是营养全面、均衡的食品。马铃薯、红薯和雪莲果的种植容易丰产，不局限于良田和水田，而它们的营养价值不逊于大米和面粉，是参与解决中国粮食问题的另一条可行的途径。
Elemental compositions from Yacon, Sweet Potato and Potato have been analyzed and determined by X-ray fluorescence （XRF） spectrum to study the relationship of their chemical elemental compositions with their nutrition quality. In the dry matters of Yacon, Sweet Potato and Potato, the content of carbon element is about 40%, not only to indicate that the similar carbon content is a common nature of the three fruits belonging to Potato species, but also to demonstrate that they are classified to low alloy steel calorie food. The content of nitrogen element is determined to be a bigger value in the dry matters of Yacon, Sweet Potato and Potato, namely their protein content is high; especially, the protein content in the dry matter of Potato is the similar to that in millet, which can explain that Potato is a relative nutrition foodstuff in principle of protein. Because of a large proportion of oxygen （47.88%） as well as the biggest sugar content in the dry matter of Yacon, Yacon is the sweetest foodstuff among all its kind. The main metal elemental contents are up to 3.75%, 2.64% and 2.50% in the dry matters of Yacon, Sweet Potato and Potato respectively, which is larger not only than those in common foodstuffs, but also than 2.42% in soybean. In particular, the contents of K, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn and Cu in the dry matters of Yacon, Sweet Potato and Potato all are high. It can be ascertained in light of the microelement properties that their nutrition quality is similar to what soybean possesses. Therefore, the obtained results by investigating elemental compositions prove that Yacon, Sweet Potato and Potato are comprehensive and balanced nutrition foodstuffs with high content of protein, trace elements as well as sugar compositions and low content of carbon element. The cultivation of Yacon, Sweet Potato and Potato is an available approach to the food shortage of China, taking advantages of high yield without difficulty, strong adaptability to fertile and paddy field and high nutrition value comparable to rice and flour.
出处
《当代农业（中英文版）》
2013年第2期21-27,共7页
Journal of Modern Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目（编号：21163024）.
关键词
雪莲果
红薯
马铃薯
XRF
元素组成
营养
Yacon
Sweet Potato
Potato
XRF
Elemental Composition
Nutrition Quality
