摘要
专业培养方案是专业人才培养的蓝图和总体设计,它的优劣决定了人才培养质量。目前我国远程教育实践缺少适用于远程教育领域的专业培养方案和课程体系开发方法,大多沿用传统高校以学科需求为主的专业培养方案,但这没有体现应用型人才培养的特点和目的。因此需要开发出既符合社会实践需求,又适合成人远程学习者的专业课程体系,从而更好地为应用型人才培养、为远程教育人才培养服务。以能力为本的课程体系开发模式可以分为典型的三类:基于岗位能力的开发模式、基于典型工作任务的开发模式和基于角色的开发模式。三种开发模式均采用了工作分析的思想,重点关注岗位对人才的能力需求,注重技能培养而容易忽视知识的系统性。但基于典型工作任务分析的开发模式由于有着较为扎实的理论基础,开发出的课程体系更加系统,且兼顾了技能和知识的培养,对实践的适用面更广,对远程教育院校开发"能力为本"的培养方案暨课程体系有着极大的借鉴作用。但是其仍然有着不可忽视的弱点或"盲区"——对于工作过程较模糊、岗位不明确的专业不适用,因此并不能照搬到远程教育领域。
Cultivation Plan is the blueprint and the overall design of professional talent training,whose merits decide the quality of professional talents.In China,current practices in distance education are transplanting cultivation plans from traditional universities which focus on the subject demands but are not suitable for training pragmatic personnel.Such curricula are in urgently need that not only cater for the practical needs of the society but also suit for the distant adult learners,so as to better serve the purpose of distance education.Competence-based curriculum development models can be divided into three typical categories： Curriculum Development based on Occupation Abilities,Curriculum Development based on Professional Tasks,and Curriculum Development Based on Roles.All of them use the Job Analysis and focus on the capability requirements of jobs,which lay emphasis on skills and ignore the systemic knowledge.However Curriculum Development based on Professional Tasks has solid theoretical basis,and more systematic curricula,and takes in consideration both the cultivation of skills and that of knowledge.Therefore,this model is more suitable for distance education organizations to develop competency-based curricula.However,Curriculum Development based on Professional Tasks has its own weakness——it is not suitable for the majors whose work processes or positions are not clear.Therefore it cannot be copied to distance education directly.
出处
《现代远程教育研究》
CSSCI
2013年第4期54-60,共7页
Modern Distance Education Research
基金
北京市"十二五"教育科学规划重点课题"面向成人远程学习者的远程高等教育专业培养方案开发方法与工具的研究"(AJA11173)
关键词
远程教育
专业培养方案
课程体系
开发模式
能力为本
Distance Education
Cultivation Plan
Curriculum
Development Model
Competency-Based Education
